Python module: initial version

13 files changed, 5177 insertions, 4 deletions

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 796ee25c..27c6a739 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -1,7 +1,4 @@
-cdec/
-creg/bin/
-creg/creg
-creg/json_feature_map_lexer.cc
+./cdec/
 decoder/bin/
 gi/pf/align-tl
 gi/pf/bayes_lattice_score
diff --git a/python/cdec/__init__.py b/python/cdec/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..910140d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/cdec/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+from _cdec import Decoder, Hypergraph
diff --git a/python/cdec/scfg/__init__.py b/python/cdec/scfg/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6eb2f88f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/cdec/scfg/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+from extractor import GrammarExtractor
diff --git a/python/cdec/scfg/extractor.py b/python/cdec/scfg/extractor.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9f1e1137
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/cdec/scfg/extractor.py
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+import StringIO
+
+import clex
+import rulefactory
+import calignment
+import csuf
+import cdat
+import sym
+import log
+
+log.level = -1
+
+from features import EgivenFCoherent, SampleCountF, CountEF,\
+        MaxLexEgivenF, MaxLexFgivenE, IsSingletonF, IsSingletonFE
+from features import contextless
+
+class Output(StringIO.StringIO):
+    def close(self):
+        pass
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.getvalue()
+
+from itertools import chain
+
+def get_cn(sentence):
+    sentence = chain(('<s>',), sentence.split(), ('</s>',))
+    sentence = (sym.fromstring(word, terminal=True) for word in sentence)
+    return tuple(((word, None, 1), ) for word in sentence)
+
+class PhonyGrammar:
+    def add(self, thing):
+        pass
+
+class GrammarExtractor:
+    def __init__(self, config):
+        alignment = calignment.Alignment(config['a_file'], from_binary=True)
+        self.factory = rulefactory.HieroCachingRuleFactory(
+                # compiled alignment object (REQUIRED)
+                alignment=alignment,
+                # name of generic nonterminal used by Hiero
+                category="[X]",
+                # do not change for extraction
+                grammar=PhonyGrammar(), # TODO: set to None?
+                # maximum number of contiguous chunks of terminal symbols in RHS of a rule. If None, defaults to max_nonterminals+1
+                max_chunks=None,
+                # maximum span of a grammar rule in TEST DATA
+                max_initial_size=15,
+                # maximum number of symbols (both T and NT) allowed in a rule
+                max_length=config['max_len'],
+                # maximum number of nonterminals allowed in a rule (set >2 at your own risk)
+                max_nonterminals=config['max_nt'],
+                # maximum number of contiguous chunks of terminal symbols in target-side RHS of a rule. If None, defaults to max_nonterminals+1
+                max_target_chunks=None,
+                # maximum number of target side symbols (both T and NT) allowed in a rule. If None, defaults to max_initial_size
+                max_target_length=None,
+                # minimum span of a nonterminal in the RHS of a rule in TEST DATA
+                min_gap_size=1,
+                # filename of file containing precomputed collocations
+                precompute_file=config['precompute_file'],
+                # maximum frequency rank of patterns used to compute triples (don't set higher than 20).
+                precompute_secondary_rank=config['rank2'],
+                # maximum frequency rank of patterns used to compute collocations (no need to set higher than maybe 200-300)
+                precompute_rank=config['rank1'],
+                # require extracted rules to have at least one aligned word
+                require_aligned_terminal=True,
+                # require each contiguous chunk of extracted rules to have at least one aligned word
+                require_aligned_chunks=False,
+                # generate a complete grammar for each input sentence
+                per_sentence_grammar=True,
+                # maximum span of a grammar rule extracted from TRAINING DATA
+                train_max_initial_size=config['max_size'],
+                # minimum span of an RHS nonterminal in a rule extracted from TRAINING DATA
+                train_min_gap_size=config['min_gap'],
+                # True if phrases should be tight, False otherwise (False seems to give better results but is slower)
+                tight_phrases=True,
+                )
+        self.fsarray = csuf.SuffixArray(config['f_sa_file'], from_binary=True)
+        self.edarray = cdat.DataArray(config['e_file'], from_binary=True)
+
+        self.factory.registerContext(self)
+
+        # lower=faster, higher=better; improvements level off above 200-300 range, -1 = don't sample, use all data (VERY SLOW!)
+        self.sampler = rulefactory.Sampler(300)
+        self.sampler.registerContext(self)
+
+        # lexical weighting tables
+        tt = clex.CLex(config['lex_file'], from_binary=True)
+
+        self.models = (EgivenFCoherent, SampleCountF, CountEF, 
+                MaxLexFgivenE(tt), MaxLexEgivenF(tt), IsSingletonF, IsSingletonFE)
+        self.models = tuple(contextless(feature) for feature in self.models)
+
+    def grammar(self, sentence):
+        out = Output()
+        cn = get_cn(sentence)
+        self.factory.input_file(cn, out)
+        return str(out)
+
+def main(config):
+    sys.path.append(os.path.dirname(config))
+    module =  __import__(os.path.basename(config).replace('.py', ''))
+    extractor = GrammarExtractor(module.__dict__)
+    print extractor.grammar(next(sys.stdin))
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    import sys, os
+    if len(sys.argv) != 2 or not sys.argv[1].endswith('.py'):
+        sys.stderr.write('Usage: %s config.py\n' % sys.argv[0])
+        sys.exit(1)
+    main(*sys.argv[1:])
diff --git a/python/cdec/scfg/features.py b/python/cdec/scfg/features.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6419cdd8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/cdec/scfg/features.py
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+from __future__ import division
+import math
+import sym
+
+def contextless(feature):
+    feature.compute_contextless_score = feature
+    return feature
+
+MAXSCORE = 99
+
+def EgivenF(fphrase, ephrase, paircount, fcount, fsample_count): # p(e|f)
+    return -math.log10(paircount/fcount)
+
+def CountEF(fphrase, ephrase, paircount, fcount, fsample_count):
+    return math.log10(1 + paircount)
+
+def SampleCountF(fphrase, ephrase, paircount, fcount, fsample_count):
+    return math.log10(1 + fsample_count)
+
+def EgivenFCoherent(fphrase, ephrase, paircount, fcount, fsample_count):
+    prob = paircount/fsample_count
+    return -math.log10(prob) if prob > 0 else MAXSCORE
+
+def CoherenceProb(fphrase, ephrase, paircount, fcount, fsample_count):
+    return -math.log10(fcount/fsample_count)
+
+def MaxLexEgivenF(ttable):
+    def feature(fphrase, ephrase, paircount, fcount, fsample_count):
+        fwords = [sym.tostring(w) for w in fphrase if not sym.isvar(w)] + ['NULL']
+        ewords = (sym.tostring(w) for w in ephrase if not sym.isvar(w))
+        def score():
+            for e in ewords:
+              maxScore = max(ttable.get_score(f, e, 0) for f in fwords)
+              yield -math.log10(maxScore) if maxScore > 0 else MAXSCORE
+        return sum(score())
+    return feature
+
+def MaxLexFgivenE(ttable):
+    def feature(fphrase, ephrase, paircount, fcount, fsample_count):
+        fwords = (sym.tostring(w) for w in fphrase if not sym.isvar(w))
+        ewords = [sym.tostring(w) for w in ephrase if not sym.isvar(w)] + ['NULL']
+        def score():
+            for f in fwords:
+              maxScore = max(ttable.get_score(f, e, 1) for e in ewords)
+              yield -math.log10(maxScore) if maxScore > 0 else MAXSCORE
+        return sum(score())
+    return feature
+
+def IsSingletonF(fphrase, ephrase, paircount, fcount, fsample_count):
+    return (fcount == 1)
+
+def IsSingletonFE(fphrase, ephrase, paircount, fcount, fsample_count):
+    return (paircount == 1)
+
+def IsNotSingletonF(fphrase, ephrase, paircount, fcount, fsample_count):
+    return (fcount > 1)
+
+def IsNotSingletonFE(fphrase, ephrase, paircount, fcount, fsample_count):
+    return (paircount > 1)
+
+def IsFEGreaterThanZero(fphrase, ephrase, paircount, fcount, fsample_count):
+    return (paircount > 0.01)
diff --git a/python/setup.py b/python/setup.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..756de088
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/setup.py
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+from distutils.core import setup
+from distutils.extension import Extension
+from Cython.Distutils import build_ext
+
+ext_modules = [
+    Extension(name='_cdec',
+        sources=['src/_cdec.pyx'],
+        language='C++', 
+        include_dirs=['..', 'src/', '../decoder', '../utils'],
+        library_dirs=['../decoder', '../utils', '../mteval', '../klm/lm', '../klm/util'],
+        libraries=['boost_program_options-mt', 'z',
+                   'cdec', 'utils', 'mteval', 'klm', 'klm_util'])
+]
+
+setup(
+    name='cdec',
+    cmdclass={'build_ext': build_ext},
+    ext_modules=ext_modules,
+    packages=['cdec', 'cdec.scfg']
+)
diff --git a/python/src/_cdec.cpp b/python/src/_cdec.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a668912f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/src/_cdec.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,4766 @@
+/* Generated by Cython 0.15.1 on Mon Jun  4 01:31:27 2012 */
+
+#define PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN
+#include "Python.h"
+#ifndef Py_PYTHON_H
+    #error Python headers needed to compile C extensions, please install development version of Python.
+#else
+
+#include <stddef.h> /* For offsetof */
+#ifndef offsetof
+#define offsetof(type, member) ( (size_t) & ((type*)0) -> member )
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && !defined(MS_WINDOWS)
+  #ifndef __stdcall
+    #define __stdcall
+  #endif
+  #ifndef __cdecl
+    #define __cdecl
+  #endif
+  #ifndef __fastcall
+    #define __fastcall
+  #endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef DL_IMPORT
+  #define DL_IMPORT(t) t
+#endif
+#ifndef DL_EXPORT
+  #define DL_EXPORT(t) t
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PY_LONG_LONG
+  #define PY_LONG_LONG LONG_LONG
+#endif
+
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02040000
+  #define METH_COEXIST 0
+  #define PyDict_CheckExact(op) (Py_TYPE(op) == &PyDict_Type)
+  #define PyDict_Contains(d,o)   PySequence_Contains(d,o)
+#endif
+
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02050000
+  typedef int Py_ssize_t;
+  #define PY_SSIZE_T_MAX INT_MAX
+  #define PY_SSIZE_T_MIN INT_MIN
+  #define PY_FORMAT_SIZE_T ""
+  #define PyInt_FromSsize_t(z) PyInt_FromLong(z)
+  #define PyInt_AsSsize_t(o)   __Pyx_PyInt_AsInt(o)
+  #define PyNumber_Index(o)    PyNumber_Int(o)
+  #define PyIndex_Check(o)     PyNumber_Check(o)
+  #define PyErr_WarnEx(category, message, stacklevel) PyErr_Warn(category, message)
+#endif
+
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02060000
+  #define Py_REFCNT(ob) (((PyObject*)(ob))->ob_refcnt)
+  #define Py_TYPE(ob)   (((PyObject*)(ob))->ob_type)
+  #define Py_SIZE(ob)   (((PyVarObject*)(ob))->ob_size)
+  #define PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(type, size) \
+          PyObject_HEAD_INIT(type) size,
+  #define PyType_Modified(t)
+
+  typedef struct {
+     void *buf;
+     PyObject *obj;
+     Py_ssize_t len;
+     Py_ssize_t itemsize;
+     int readonly;
+     int ndim;
+     char *format;
+     Py_ssize_t *shape;
+     Py_ssize_t *strides;
+     Py_ssize_t *suboffsets;
+     void *internal;
+  } Py_buffer;
+
+  #define PyBUF_SIMPLE 0
+  #define PyBUF_WRITABLE 0x0001
+  #define PyBUF_FORMAT 0x0004
+  #define PyBUF_ND 0x0008
+  #define PyBUF_STRIDES (0x0010 | PyBUF_ND)
+  #define PyBUF_C_CONTIGUOUS (0x0020 | PyBUF_STRIDES)
+  #define PyBUF_F_CONTIGUOUS (0x0040 | PyBUF_STRIDES)
+  #define PyBUF_ANY_CONTIGUOUS (0x0080 | PyBUF_STRIDES)
+  #define PyBUF_INDIRECT (0x0100 | PyBUF_STRIDES)
+
+#endif
+
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  #define __Pyx_BUILTIN_MODULE_NAME "__builtin__"
+#else
+  #define __Pyx_BUILTIN_MODULE_NAME "builtins"
+#endif
+
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+  #define Py_TPFLAGS_CHECKTYPES 0
+  #define Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_INDEX 0
+#endif
+
+#if (PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02060000) || (PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3)
+  #define Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_NEWBUFFER 0
+#endif
+
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+  #define PyBaseString_Type            PyUnicode_Type
+  #define PyStringObject               PyUnicodeObject
+  #define PyString_Type                PyUnicode_Type
+  #define PyString_Check               PyUnicode_Check
+  #define PyString_CheckExact          PyUnicode_CheckExact
+#endif
+
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02060000
+  #define PyBytesObject                PyStringObject
+  #define PyBytes_Type                 PyString_Type
+  #define PyBytes_Check                PyString_Check
+  #define PyBytes_CheckExact           PyString_CheckExact
+  #define PyBytes_FromString           PyString_FromString
+  #define PyBytes_FromStringAndSize    PyString_FromStringAndSize
+  #define PyBytes_FromFormat           PyString_FromFormat
+  #define PyBytes_DecodeEscape         PyString_DecodeEscape
+  #define PyBytes_AsString             PyString_AsString
+  #define PyBytes_AsStringAndSize      PyString_AsStringAndSize
+  #define PyBytes_Size                 PyString_Size
+  #define PyBytes_AS_STRING            PyString_AS_STRING
+  #define PyBytes_GET_SIZE             PyString_GET_SIZE
+  #define PyBytes_Repr                 PyString_Repr
+  #define PyBytes_Concat               PyString_Concat
+  #define PyBytes_ConcatAndDel         PyString_ConcatAndDel
+#endif
+
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02060000
+  #define PySet_Check(obj)             PyObject_TypeCheck(obj, &PySet_Type)
+  #define PyFrozenSet_Check(obj)       PyObject_TypeCheck(obj, &PyFrozenSet_Type)
+#endif
+#ifndef PySet_CheckExact
+  #define PySet_CheckExact(obj)        (Py_TYPE(obj) == &PySet_Type)
+#endif
+
+#define __Pyx_TypeCheck(obj, type) PyObject_TypeCheck(obj, (PyTypeObject *)type)
+
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+  #define PyIntObject                  PyLongObject
+  #define PyInt_Type                   PyLong_Type
+  #define PyInt_Check(op)              PyLong_Check(op)
+  #define PyInt_CheckExact(op)         PyLong_CheckExact(op)
+  #define PyInt_FromString             PyLong_FromString
+  #define PyInt_FromUnicode            PyLong_FromUnicode
+  #define PyInt_FromLong               PyLong_FromLong
+  #define PyInt_FromSize_t             PyLong_FromSize_t
+  #define PyInt_FromSsize_t            PyLong_FromSsize_t
+  #define PyInt_AsLong                 PyLong_AsLong
+  #define PyInt_AS_LONG                PyLong_AS_LONG
+  #define PyInt_AsSsize_t              PyLong_AsSsize_t
+  #define PyInt_AsUnsignedLongMask     PyLong_AsUnsignedLongMask
+  #define PyInt_AsUnsignedLongLongMask PyLong_AsUnsignedLongLongMask
+#endif
+
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+  #define PyBoolObject                 PyLongObject
+#endif
+
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03020000
+  typedef long Py_hash_t;
+  #define __Pyx_PyInt_FromHash_t PyInt_FromLong
+  #define __Pyx_PyInt_AsHash_t   PyInt_AsLong
+#else
+  #define __Pyx_PyInt_FromHash_t PyInt_FromSsize_t
+  #define __Pyx_PyInt_AsHash_t   PyInt_AsSsize_t
+#endif
+
+
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+  #define __Pyx_PyNumber_Divide(x,y)         PyNumber_TrueDivide(x,y)
+  #define __Pyx_PyNumber_InPlaceDivide(x,y)  PyNumber_InPlaceTrueDivide(x,y)
+#else
+  #define __Pyx_PyNumber_Divide(x,y)         PyNumber_Divide(x,y)
+  #define __Pyx_PyNumber_InPlaceDivide(x,y)  PyNumber_InPlaceDivide(x,y)
+#endif
+
+#if (PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3) || (PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x03010300)
+  #define __Pyx_PySequence_GetSlice(obj, a, b) PySequence_GetSlice(obj, a, b)
+  #define __Pyx_PySequence_SetSlice(obj, a, b, value) PySequence_SetSlice(obj, a, b, value)
+  #define __Pyx_PySequence_DelSlice(obj, a, b) PySequence_DelSlice(obj, a, b)
+#else
+  #define __Pyx_PySequence_GetSlice(obj, a, b) (unlikely(!(obj)) ? \
+        (PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError, "null argument to internal routine"), (PyObject*)0) : \
+        (likely((obj)->ob_type->tp_as_mapping) ? (PySequence_GetSlice(obj, a, b)) : \
+            (PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, "'%.200s' object is unsliceable", (obj)->ob_type->tp_name), (PyObject*)0)))
+  #define __Pyx_PySequence_SetSlice(obj, a, b, value) (unlikely(!(obj)) ? \
+        (PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError, "null argument to internal routine"), -1) : \
+        (likely((obj)->ob_type->tp_as_mapping) ? (PySequence_SetSlice(obj, a, b, value)) : \
+            (PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, "'%.200s' object doesn't support slice assignment", (obj)->ob_type->tp_name), -1)))
+  #define __Pyx_PySequence_DelSlice(obj, a, b) (unlikely(!(obj)) ? \
+        (PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError, "null argument to internal routine"), -1) : \
+        (likely((obj)->ob_type->tp_as_mapping) ? (PySequence_DelSlice(obj, a, b)) : \
+            (PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, "'%.200s' object doesn't support slice deletion", (obj)->ob_type->tp_name), -1)))
+#endif
+
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+  #define PyMethod_New(func, self, klass) ((self) ? PyMethod_New(func, self) : PyInstanceMethod_New(func))
+#endif
+
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02050000
+  #define __Pyx_GetAttrString(o,n)   PyObject_GetAttrString((o),((char *)(n)))
+  #define __Pyx_SetAttrString(o,n,a) PyObject_SetAttrString((o),((char *)(n)),(a))
+  #define __Pyx_DelAttrString(o,n)   PyObject_DelAttrString((o),((char *)(n)))
+#else
+  #define __Pyx_GetAttrString(o,n)   PyObject_GetAttrString((o),(n))
+  #define __Pyx_SetAttrString(o,n,a) PyObject_SetAttrString((o),(n),(a))
+  #define __Pyx_DelAttrString(o,n)   PyObject_DelAttrString((o),(n))
+#endif
+
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02050000
+  #define __Pyx_NAMESTR(n) ((char *)(n))
+  #define __Pyx_DOCSTR(n)  ((char *)(n))
+#else
+  #define __Pyx_NAMESTR(n) (n)
+  #define __Pyx_DOCSTR(n)  (n)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef __PYX_EXTERN_C
+  #ifdef __cplusplus
+    #define __PYX_EXTERN_C extern "C"
+  #else
+    #define __PYX_EXTERN_C extern
+  #endif
+#endif
+
+#if defined(WIN32) || defined(MS_WINDOWS)
+#define _USE_MATH_DEFINES
+#endif
+#include <math.h>
+#define __PYX_HAVE___cdec
+#define __PYX_HAVE_API___cdec
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <iostream>
+#include "utils/filelib.h"
+#include "utils/weights.h"
+#include "utils/wordid.h"
+#include "utils/tdict.cc"
+#include "utils/verbose.h"
+#include "utils/fdict.h"
+#include "decoder/hg.h"
+#include "decoder/viterbi.h"
+#include "decoder/ff_register.h"
+#include "decoder/decoder.h"
+#include "observer.h"
+#ifdef _OPENMP
+#include <omp.h>
+#endif /* _OPENMP */
+
+#ifdef PYREX_WITHOUT_ASSERTIONS
+#define CYTHON_WITHOUT_ASSERTIONS
+#endif
+
+
+/* inline attribute */
+#ifndef CYTHON_INLINE
+  #if defined(__GNUC__)
+    #define CYTHON_INLINE __inline__
+  #elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+    #define CYTHON_INLINE __inline
+  #elif defined (__STDC_VERSION__) && __STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L
+    #define CYTHON_INLINE inline
+  #else
+    #define CYTHON_INLINE
+  #endif
+#endif
+
+/* unused attribute */
+#ifndef CYTHON_UNUSED
+# if defined(__GNUC__)
+#   if !(defined(__cplusplus)) || (__GNUC__ > 3 || (__GNUC__ == 3 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 4))
+#     define CYTHON_UNUSED __attribute__ ((__unused__))
+#   else
+#     define CYTHON_UNUSED
+#   endif
+# elif defined(__ICC) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
+#   define CYTHON_UNUSED __attribute__ ((__unused__))
+# else
+#   define CYTHON_UNUSED
+# endif
+#endif
+
+typedef struct {PyObject **p; char *s; const long n; const char* encoding; const char is_unicode; const char is_str; const char intern; } __Pyx_StringTabEntry; /*proto*/
+
+
+/* Type Conversion Predeclarations */
+
+#define __Pyx_PyBytes_FromUString(s) PyBytes_FromString((char*)s)
+#define __Pyx_PyBytes_AsUString(s)   ((unsigned char*) PyBytes_AsString(s))
+
+#define __Pyx_Owned_Py_None(b) (Py_INCREF(Py_None), Py_None)
+#define __Pyx_PyBool_FromLong(b) ((b) ? (Py_INCREF(Py_True), Py_True) : (Py_INCREF(Py_False), Py_False))
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(PyObject*);
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyNumber_Int(PyObject* x);
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE Py_ssize_t __Pyx_PyIndex_AsSsize_t(PyObject*);
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject * __Pyx_PyInt_FromSize_t(size_t);
+static CYTHON_INLINE size_t __Pyx_PyInt_AsSize_t(PyObject*);
+
+#define __pyx_PyFloat_AsDouble(x) (PyFloat_CheckExact(x) ? PyFloat_AS_DOUBLE(x) : PyFloat_AsDouble(x))
+
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+  /* Test for GCC > 2.95 */
+  #if __GNUC__ > 2 || (__GNUC__ == 2 && (__GNUC_MINOR__ > 95))
+    #define likely(x)   __builtin_expect(!!(x), 1)
+    #define unlikely(x) __builtin_expect(!!(x), 0)
+  #else /* __GNUC__ > 2 ... */
+    #define likely(x)   (x)
+    #define unlikely(x) (x)
+  #endif /* __GNUC__ > 2 ... */
+#else /* __GNUC__ */
+  #define likely(x)   (x)
+  #define unlikely(x) (x)
+#endif /* __GNUC__ */
+    
+static PyObject *__pyx_m;
+static PyObject *__pyx_b;
+static PyObject *__pyx_empty_tuple;
+static PyObject *__pyx_empty_bytes;
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+  0, /*tp_setattr*/
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*tp_compare*/
+  #else
+  0, /*reserved*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*tp_repr*/
+  &__pyx_tp_as_number_Weights, /*tp_as_number*/
+  &__pyx_tp_as_sequence_Weights, /*tp_as_sequence*/
+  &__pyx_tp_as_mapping_Weights, /*tp_as_mapping*/
+  0, /*tp_hash*/
+  0, /*tp_call*/
+  0, /*tp_str*/
+  0, /*tp_getattro*/
+  0, /*tp_setattro*/
+  &__pyx_tp_as_buffer_Weights, /*tp_as_buffer*/
+  Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT|Py_TPFLAGS_CHECKTYPES|Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_NEWBUFFER|Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE, /*tp_flags*/
+  0, /*tp_doc*/
+  0, /*tp_traverse*/
+  0, /*tp_clear*/
+  0, /*tp_richcompare*/
+  0, /*tp_weaklistoffset*/
+  __pyx_pf_5_cdec_7Weights_3__iter__, /*tp_iter*/
+  0, /*tp_iternext*/
+  __pyx_methods_5_cdec_Weights, /*tp_methods*/
+  0, /*tp_members*/
+  0, /*tp_getset*/
+  0, /*tp_base*/
+  0, /*tp_dict*/
+  0, /*tp_descr_get*/
+  0, /*tp_descr_set*/
+  0, /*tp_dictoffset*/
+  0, /*tp_init*/
+  0, /*tp_alloc*/
+  __pyx_tp_new_5_cdec_Weights, /*tp_new*/
+  0, /*tp_free*/
+  0, /*tp_is_gc*/
+  0, /*tp_bases*/
+  0, /*tp_mro*/
+  0, /*tp_cache*/
+  0, /*tp_subclasses*/
+  0, /*tp_weaklist*/
+  0, /*tp_del*/
+  #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x02060000
+  0, /*tp_version_tag*/
+  #endif
+};
+
+static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_5_cdec_Decoder(PyTypeObject *t, PyObject *a, PyObject *k) {
+  struct __pyx_obj_5_cdec_Decoder *p;
+  PyObject *o = (*t->tp_alloc)(t, 0);
+  if (!o) return 0;
+  p = ((struct __pyx_obj_5_cdec_Decoder *)o);
+  p->weights = ((struct __pyx_obj_5_cdec_Weights *)Py_None); Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+  if (__pyx_pf_5_cdec_7Decoder___cinit__(o, a, k) < 0) {
+    Py_DECREF(o); o = 0;
+  }
+  return o;
+}
+
+static void __pyx_tp_dealloc_5_cdec_Decoder(PyObject *o) {
+  struct __pyx_obj_5_cdec_Decoder *p = (struct __pyx_obj_5_cdec_Decoder *)o;
+  {
+    PyObject *etype, *eval, *etb;
+    PyErr_Fetch(&etype, &eval, &etb);
+    ++Py_REFCNT(o);
+    __pyx_pf_5_cdec_7Decoder_1__dealloc__(o);
+    if (PyErr_Occurred()) PyErr_WriteUnraisable(o);
+    --Py_REFCNT(o);
+    PyErr_Restore(etype, eval, etb);
+  }
+  Py_XDECREF(((PyObject *)p->weights));
+  (*Py_TYPE(o)->tp_free)(o);
+}
+
+static int __pyx_tp_traverse_5_cdec_Decoder(PyObject *o, visitproc v, void *a) {
+  int e;
+  struct __pyx_obj_5_cdec_Decoder *p = (struct __pyx_obj_5_cdec_Decoder *)o;
+  if (p->weights) {
+    e = (*v)(((PyObject*)p->weights), a); if (e) return e;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static int __pyx_tp_clear_5_cdec_Decoder(PyObject *o) {
+  struct __pyx_obj_5_cdec_Decoder *p = (struct __pyx_obj_5_cdec_Decoder *)o;
+  PyObject* tmp;
+  tmp = ((PyObject*)p->weights);
+  p->weights = ((struct __pyx_obj_5_cdec_Weights *)Py_None); Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+  Py_XDECREF(tmp);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static PyObject *__pyx_getprop_5_cdec_7Decoder_weights(PyObject *o, void *x) {
+  return __pyx_pf_5_cdec_7Decoder_7weights___get__(o);
+}
+
+static int __pyx_setprop_5_cdec_7Decoder_weights(PyObject *o, PyObject *v, void *x) {
+  if (v) {
+    return __pyx_pf_5_cdec_7Decoder_7weights_1__set__(o, v);
+  }
+  else {
+    return __pyx_pf_5_cdec_7Decoder_7weights_2__del__(o);
+  }
+}
+
+static PyMethodDef __pyx_methods_5_cdec_Decoder[] = {
+  {__Pyx_NAMESTR("fromconfig"), (PyCFunction)__pyx_pf_5_cdec_7Decoder_2fromconfig, METH_O, __Pyx_DOCSTR(0)},
+  {__Pyx_NAMESTR("read_weights"), (PyCFunction)__pyx_pf_5_cdec_7Decoder_3read_weights, METH_O, __Pyx_DOCSTR(0)},
+  {__Pyx_NAMESTR("translate"), (PyCFunction)__pyx_pf_5_cdec_7Decoder_4translate, METH_VARARGS|METH_KEYWORDS, __Pyx_DOCSTR(0)},
+  {0, 0, 0, 0}
+};
+
+static struct PyGetSetDef __pyx_getsets_5_cdec_Decoder[] = {
+  {(char *)"weights", __pyx_getprop_5_cdec_7Decoder_weights, __pyx_setprop_5_cdec_7Decoder_weights, 0, 0},
+  {0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
+};
+
+static PyNumberMethods __pyx_tp_as_number_Decoder = {
+  0, /*nb_add*/
+  0, /*nb_subtract*/
+  0, /*nb_multiply*/
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*nb_divide*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*nb_remainder*/
+  0, /*nb_divmod*/
+  0, /*nb_power*/
+  0, /*nb_negative*/
+  0, /*nb_positive*/
+  0, /*nb_absolute*/
+  0, /*nb_nonzero*/
+  0, /*nb_invert*/
+  0, /*nb_lshift*/
+  0, /*nb_rshift*/
+  0, /*nb_and*/
+  0, /*nb_xor*/
+  0, /*nb_or*/
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*nb_coerce*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*nb_int*/
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*nb_long*/
+  #else
+  0, /*reserved*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*nb_float*/
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*nb_oct*/
+  #endif
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*nb_hex*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*nb_inplace_add*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_subtract*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_multiply*/
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*nb_inplace_divide*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*nb_inplace_remainder*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_power*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_lshift*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_rshift*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_and*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_xor*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_or*/
+  0, /*nb_floor_divide*/
+  0, /*nb_true_divide*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_floor_divide*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_true_divide*/
+  #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x02050000
+  0, /*nb_index*/
+  #endif
+};
+
+static PySequenceMethods __pyx_tp_as_sequence_Decoder = {
+  0, /*sq_length*/
+  0, /*sq_concat*/
+  0, /*sq_repeat*/
+  0, /*sq_item*/
+  0, /*sq_slice*/
+  0, /*sq_ass_item*/
+  0, /*sq_ass_slice*/
+  0, /*sq_contains*/
+  0, /*sq_inplace_concat*/
+  0, /*sq_inplace_repeat*/
+};
+
+static PyMappingMethods __pyx_tp_as_mapping_Decoder = {
+  0, /*mp_length*/
+  0, /*mp_subscript*/
+  0, /*mp_ass_subscript*/
+};
+
+static PyBufferProcs __pyx_tp_as_buffer_Decoder = {
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*bf_getreadbuffer*/
+  #endif
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*bf_getwritebuffer*/
+  #endif
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*bf_getsegcount*/
+  #endif
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*bf_getcharbuffer*/
+  #endif
+  #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x02060000
+  0, /*bf_getbuffer*/
+  #endif
+  #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x02060000
+  0, /*bf_releasebuffer*/
+  #endif
+};
+
+static PyTypeObject __pyx_type_5_cdec_Decoder = {
+  PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(0, 0)
+  __Pyx_NAMESTR("_cdec.Decoder"), /*tp_name*/
+  sizeof(struct __pyx_obj_5_cdec_Decoder), /*tp_basicsize*/
+  0, /*tp_itemsize*/
+  __pyx_tp_dealloc_5_cdec_Decoder, /*tp_dealloc*/
+  0, /*tp_print*/
+  0, /*tp_getattr*/
+  0, /*tp_setattr*/
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*tp_compare*/
+  #else
+  0, /*reserved*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*tp_repr*/
+  &__pyx_tp_as_number_Decoder, /*tp_as_number*/
+  &__pyx_tp_as_sequence_Decoder, /*tp_as_sequence*/
+  &__pyx_tp_as_mapping_Decoder, /*tp_as_mapping*/
+  0, /*tp_hash*/
+  0, /*tp_call*/
+  0, /*tp_str*/
+  0, /*tp_getattro*/
+  0, /*tp_setattro*/
+  &__pyx_tp_as_buffer_Decoder, /*tp_as_buffer*/
+  Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT|Py_TPFLAGS_CHECKTYPES|Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_NEWBUFFER|Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE|Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GC, /*tp_flags*/
+  0, /*tp_doc*/
+  __pyx_tp_traverse_5_cdec_Decoder, /*tp_traverse*/
+  __pyx_tp_clear_5_cdec_Decoder, /*tp_clear*/
+  0, /*tp_richcompare*/
+  0, /*tp_weaklistoffset*/
+  0, /*tp_iter*/
+  0, /*tp_iternext*/
+  __pyx_methods_5_cdec_Decoder, /*tp_methods*/
+  0, /*tp_members*/
+  __pyx_getsets_5_cdec_Decoder, /*tp_getset*/
+  0, /*tp_base*/
+  0, /*tp_dict*/
+  0, /*tp_descr_get*/
+  0, /*tp_descr_set*/
+  0, /*tp_dictoffset*/
+  0, /*tp_init*/
+  0, /*tp_alloc*/
+  __pyx_tp_new_5_cdec_Decoder, /*tp_new*/
+  0, /*tp_free*/
+  0, /*tp_is_gc*/
+  0, /*tp_bases*/
+  0, /*tp_mro*/
+  0, /*tp_cache*/
+  0, /*tp_subclasses*/
+  0, /*tp_weaklist*/
+  0, /*tp_del*/
+  #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x02060000
+  0, /*tp_version_tag*/
+  #endif
+};
+
+static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_5_cdec_Hypergraph(PyTypeObject *t, PyObject *a, PyObject *k) {
+  PyObject *o = (*t->tp_alloc)(t, 0);
+  if (!o) return 0;
+  return o;
+}
+
+static void __pyx_tp_dealloc_5_cdec_Hypergraph(PyObject *o) {
+  (*Py_TYPE(o)->tp_free)(o);
+}
+
+static PyMethodDef __pyx_methods_5_cdec_Hypergraph[] = {
+  {__Pyx_NAMESTR("viterbi"), (PyCFunction)__pyx_pf_5_cdec_10Hypergraph_viterbi, METH_NOARGS, __Pyx_DOCSTR(0)},
+  {0, 0, 0, 0}
+};
+
+static PyNumberMethods __pyx_tp_as_number_Hypergraph = {
+  0, /*nb_add*/
+  0, /*nb_subtract*/
+  0, /*nb_multiply*/
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*nb_divide*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*nb_remainder*/
+  0, /*nb_divmod*/
+  0, /*nb_power*/
+  0, /*nb_negative*/
+  0, /*nb_positive*/
+  0, /*nb_absolute*/
+  0, /*nb_nonzero*/
+  0, /*nb_invert*/
+  0, /*nb_lshift*/
+  0, /*nb_rshift*/
+  0, /*nb_and*/
+  0, /*nb_xor*/
+  0, /*nb_or*/
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*nb_coerce*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*nb_int*/
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*nb_long*/
+  #else
+  0, /*reserved*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*nb_float*/
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*nb_oct*/
+  #endif
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*nb_hex*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*nb_inplace_add*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_subtract*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_multiply*/
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*nb_inplace_divide*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*nb_inplace_remainder*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_power*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_lshift*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_rshift*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_and*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_xor*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_or*/
+  0, /*nb_floor_divide*/
+  0, /*nb_true_divide*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_floor_divide*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_true_divide*/
+  #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x02050000
+  0, /*nb_index*/
+  #endif
+};
+
+static PySequenceMethods __pyx_tp_as_sequence_Hypergraph = {
+  0, /*sq_length*/
+  0, /*sq_concat*/
+  0, /*sq_repeat*/
+  0, /*sq_item*/
+  0, /*sq_slice*/
+  0, /*sq_ass_item*/
+  0, /*sq_ass_slice*/
+  0, /*sq_contains*/
+  0, /*sq_inplace_concat*/
+  0, /*sq_inplace_repeat*/
+};
+
+static PyMappingMethods __pyx_tp_as_mapping_Hypergraph = {
+  0, /*mp_length*/
+  0, /*mp_subscript*/
+  0, /*mp_ass_subscript*/
+};
+
+static PyBufferProcs __pyx_tp_as_buffer_Hypergraph = {
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*bf_getreadbuffer*/
+  #endif
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*bf_getwritebuffer*/
+  #endif
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*bf_getsegcount*/
+  #endif
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*bf_getcharbuffer*/
+  #endif
+  #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x02060000
+  0, /*bf_getbuffer*/
+  #endif
+  #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x02060000
+  0, /*bf_releasebuffer*/
+  #endif
+};
+
+static PyTypeObject __pyx_type_5_cdec_Hypergraph = {
+  PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(0, 0)
+  __Pyx_NAMESTR("_cdec.Hypergraph"), /*tp_name*/
+  sizeof(struct __pyx_obj_5_cdec_Hypergraph), /*tp_basicsize*/
+  0, /*tp_itemsize*/
+  __pyx_tp_dealloc_5_cdec_Hypergraph, /*tp_dealloc*/
+  0, /*tp_print*/
+  0, /*tp_getattr*/
+  0, /*tp_setattr*/
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*tp_compare*/
+  #else
+  0, /*reserved*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*tp_repr*/
+  &__pyx_tp_as_number_Hypergraph, /*tp_as_number*/
+  &__pyx_tp_as_sequence_Hypergraph, /*tp_as_sequence*/
+  &__pyx_tp_as_mapping_Hypergraph, /*tp_as_mapping*/
+  0, /*tp_hash*/
+  0, /*tp_call*/
+  0, /*tp_str*/
+  0, /*tp_getattro*/
+  0, /*tp_setattro*/
+  &__pyx_tp_as_buffer_Hypergraph, /*tp_as_buffer*/
+  Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT|Py_TPFLAGS_CHECKTYPES|Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_NEWBUFFER|Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE, /*tp_flags*/
+  0, /*tp_doc*/
+  0, /*tp_traverse*/
+  0, /*tp_clear*/
+  0, /*tp_richcompare*/
+  0, /*tp_weaklistoffset*/
+  0, /*tp_iter*/
+  0, /*tp_iternext*/
+  __pyx_methods_5_cdec_Hypergraph, /*tp_methods*/
+  0, /*tp_members*/
+  0, /*tp_getset*/
+  0, /*tp_base*/
+  0, /*tp_dict*/
+  0, /*tp_descr_get*/
+  0, /*tp_descr_set*/
+  0, /*tp_dictoffset*/
+  0, /*tp_init*/
+  0, /*tp_alloc*/
+  __pyx_tp_new_5_cdec_Hypergraph, /*tp_new*/
+  0, /*tp_free*/
+  0, /*tp_is_gc*/
+  0, /*tp_bases*/
+  0, /*tp_mro*/
+  0, /*tp_cache*/
+  0, /*tp_subclasses*/
+  0, /*tp_weaklist*/
+  0, /*tp_del*/
+  #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x02060000
+  0, /*tp_version_tag*/
+  #endif
+};
+
+static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_5_cdec___pyx_Generator(PyTypeObject *t, PyObject *a, PyObject *k) {
+  struct __pyx_Generator_object *p;
+  PyObject *o = (*t->tp_alloc)(t, 0);
+  if (!o) return 0;
+  p = ((struct __pyx_Generator_object *)o);
+  p->exc_type = 0;
+  p->exc_value = 0;
+  p->exc_traceback = 0;
+  return o;
+}
+
+static void __pyx_tp_dealloc_5_cdec___pyx_Generator(PyObject *o) {
+  struct __pyx_Generator_object *p = (struct __pyx_Generator_object *)o;
+  Py_XDECREF(p->exc_type);
+  Py_XDECREF(p->exc_value);
+  Py_XDECREF(p->exc_traceback);
+  (*Py_TYPE(o)->tp_free)(o);
+}
+
+static int __pyx_tp_traverse_5_cdec___pyx_Generator(PyObject *o, visitproc v, void *a) {
+  int e;
+  struct __pyx_Generator_object *p = (struct __pyx_Generator_object *)o;
+  if (p->exc_type) {
+    e = (*v)(p->exc_type, a); if (e) return e;
+  }
+  if (p->exc_value) {
+    e = (*v)(p->exc_value, a); if (e) return e;
+  }
+  if (p->exc_traceback) {
+    e = (*v)(p->exc_traceback, a); if (e) return e;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static int __pyx_tp_clear_5_cdec___pyx_Generator(PyObject *o) {
+  struct __pyx_Generator_object *p = (struct __pyx_Generator_object *)o;
+  PyObject* tmp;
+  tmp = ((PyObject*)p->exc_type);
+  p->exc_type = Py_None; Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+  Py_XDECREF(tmp);
+  tmp = ((PyObject*)p->exc_value);
+  p->exc_value = Py_None; Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+  Py_XDECREF(tmp);
+  tmp = ((PyObject*)p->exc_traceback);
+  p->exc_traceback = Py_None; Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+  Py_XDECREF(tmp);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static PyMethodDef __pyx_methods_5_cdec___pyx_Generator[] = {
+  {__Pyx_NAMESTR("send"), (PyCFunction)__Pyx_Generator_Send, METH_O, __Pyx_DOCSTR(0)},
+  {__Pyx_NAMESTR("close"), (PyCFunction)__Pyx_Generator_Close, METH_NOARGS, __Pyx_DOCSTR(0)},
+  {__Pyx_NAMESTR("throw"), (PyCFunction)__Pyx_Generator_Throw, METH_VARARGS|METH_KEYWORDS, __Pyx_DOCSTR(0)},
+  {0, 0, 0, 0}
+};
+
+static PyNumberMethods __pyx_tp_as_number___pyx_Generator = {
+  0, /*nb_add*/
+  0, /*nb_subtract*/
+  0, /*nb_multiply*/
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*nb_divide*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*nb_remainder*/
+  0, /*nb_divmod*/
+  0, /*nb_power*/
+  0, /*nb_negative*/
+  0, /*nb_positive*/
+  0, /*nb_absolute*/
+  0, /*nb_nonzero*/
+  0, /*nb_invert*/
+  0, /*nb_lshift*/
+  0, /*nb_rshift*/
+  0, /*nb_and*/
+  0, /*nb_xor*/
+  0, /*nb_or*/
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*nb_coerce*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*nb_int*/
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*nb_long*/
+  #else
+  0, /*reserved*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*nb_float*/
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*nb_oct*/
+  #endif
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*nb_hex*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*nb_inplace_add*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_subtract*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_multiply*/
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*nb_inplace_divide*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*nb_inplace_remainder*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_power*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_lshift*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_rshift*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_and*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_xor*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_or*/
+  0, /*nb_floor_divide*/
+  0, /*nb_true_divide*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_floor_divide*/
+  0, /*nb_inplace_true_divide*/
+  #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x02050000
+  0, /*nb_index*/
+  #endif
+};
+
+static PySequenceMethods __pyx_tp_as_sequence___pyx_Generator = {
+  0, /*sq_length*/
+  0, /*sq_concat*/
+  0, /*sq_repeat*/
+  0, /*sq_item*/
+  0, /*sq_slice*/
+  0, /*sq_ass_item*/
+  0, /*sq_ass_slice*/
+  0, /*sq_contains*/
+  0, /*sq_inplace_concat*/
+  0, /*sq_inplace_repeat*/
+};
+
+static PyMappingMethods __pyx_tp_as_mapping___pyx_Generator = {
+  0, /*mp_length*/
+  0, /*mp_subscript*/
+  0, /*mp_ass_subscript*/
+};
+
+static PyBufferProcs __pyx_tp_as_buffer___pyx_Generator = {
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*bf_getreadbuffer*/
+  #endif
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*bf_getwritebuffer*/
+  #endif
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*bf_getsegcount*/
+  #endif
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*bf_getcharbuffer*/
+  #endif
+  #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x02060000
+  0, /*bf_getbuffer*/
+  #endif
+  #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x02060000
+  0, /*bf_releasebuffer*/
+  #endif
+};
+
+static PyTypeObject __pyx_Generator_type = {
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+  __pyx_tp_clear_5_cdec___pyx_Generator, /*tp_clear*/
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+  __pyx_empty_bytes = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize("", 0); if (unlikely(!__pyx_empty_bytes)) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 1; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto __pyx_L1_error;}
+  #ifdef __pyx_binding_PyCFunctionType_USED
+  if (__pyx_binding_PyCFunctionType_init() < 0) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 1; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto __pyx_L1_error;}
+  #endif
+  /*--- Library function declarations ---*/
+  /*--- Threads initialization code ---*/
+  #if defined(__PYX_FORCE_INIT_THREADS) && __PYX_FORCE_INIT_THREADS
+  #ifdef WITH_THREAD /* Python build with threading support? */
+  PyEval_InitThreads();
+  #endif
+  #endif
+  /*--- Module creation code ---*/
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  __pyx_m = Py_InitModule4(__Pyx_NAMESTR("_cdec"), __pyx_methods, 0, 0, PYTHON_API_VERSION);
+  #else
+  __pyx_m = PyModule_Create(&__pyx_moduledef);
+  #endif
+  if (!__pyx_m) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 1; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto __pyx_L1_error;};
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  Py_INCREF(__pyx_m);
+  #endif
+  __pyx_b = PyImport_AddModule(__Pyx_NAMESTR(__Pyx_BUILTIN_MODULE_NAME));
+  if (!__pyx_b) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 1; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto __pyx_L1_error;};
+  if (__Pyx_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "__builtins__", __pyx_b) < 0) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 1; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto __pyx_L1_error;};
+  /*--- Initialize various global constants etc. ---*/
+  if (unlikely(__Pyx_InitGlobals() < 0)) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 1; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto __pyx_L1_error;}
+  if (__pyx_module_is_main__cdec) {
+    if (__Pyx_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "__name__", __pyx_n_s____main__) < 0) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 1; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto __pyx_L1_error;};
+  }
+  /*--- Builtin init code ---*/
+  if (unlikely(__Pyx_InitCachedBuiltins() < 0)) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 1; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto __pyx_L1_error;}
+  /*--- Constants init code ---*/
+  if (unlikely(__Pyx_InitCachedConstants() < 0)) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 1; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto __pyx_L1_error;}
+  /*--- Global init code ---*/
+  /*--- Variable export code ---*/
+  /*--- Function export code ---*/
+  /*--- Type init code ---*/
+  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_5_cdec_Weights) < 0) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 12; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto __pyx_L1_error;}
+  if (__Pyx_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "Weights", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_5_cdec_Weights) < 0) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 12; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto __pyx_L1_error;}
+  __pyx_ptype_5_cdec_Weights = &__pyx_type_5_cdec_Weights;
+  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_5_cdec_Decoder) < 0) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 35; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto __pyx_L1_error;}
+  if (__Pyx_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "Decoder", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_5_cdec_Decoder) < 0) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 35; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto __pyx_L1_error;}
+  __pyx_ptype_5_cdec_Decoder = &__pyx_type_5_cdec_Decoder;
+  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_5_cdec_Hypergraph) < 0) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 82; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto __pyx_L1_error;}
+  if (__Pyx_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "Hypergraph", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_5_cdec_Hypergraph) < 0) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 82; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto __pyx_L1_error;}
+  __pyx_ptype_5_cdec_Hypergraph = &__pyx_type_5_cdec_Hypergraph;
+  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_Generator_type) < 0) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 30; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto __pyx_L1_error;}
+  __pyx_ptype_5_cdec___pyx_Generator = &__pyx_Generator_type;
+  __pyx_type_5_cdec___pyx_scope_struct____iter__.tp_base = __pyx_ptype_5_cdec___pyx_Generator;
+  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_5_cdec___pyx_scope_struct____iter__) < 0) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 30; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto __pyx_L1_error;}
+  __pyx_ptype_5_cdec___pyx_scope_struct____iter__ = &__pyx_type_5_cdec___pyx_scope_struct____iter__;
+  /*--- Type import code ---*/
+  /*--- Variable import code ---*/
+  /*--- Function import code ---*/
+  /*--- Execution code ---*/
+
+  /* "_cdec.pyx":7
+ * cimport decoder
+ * 
+ * SetSilent(True)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * 
+ * class ParseFailed(Exception):
+ */
+  SetSilent(1);
+
+  /* "_cdec.pyx":9
+ * SetSilent(True)
+ * 
+ * class ParseFailed(Exception):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *     pass
+ * 
+ */
+  __pyx_t_1 = PyDict_New(); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 9; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto __pyx_L1_error;}
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(((PyObject *)__pyx_t_1));
+  __pyx_t_2 = PyTuple_New(1); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 9; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto __pyx_L1_error;}
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(((PyObject *)__pyx_t_2));
+  __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_builtin_Exception);
+  PyTuple_SET_ITEM(__pyx_t_2, 0, __pyx_builtin_Exception);
+  __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_builtin_Exception);
+  __pyx_t_3 = __Pyx_CreateClass(((PyObject *)__pyx_t_2), ((PyObject *)__pyx_t_1), __pyx_n_s__ParseFailed, __pyx_n_s___cdec); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_3)) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 9; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto __pyx_L1_error;}
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_3);
+  __Pyx_DECREF(((PyObject *)__pyx_t_2)); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+  if (PyObject_SetAttr(__pyx_m, __pyx_n_s__ParseFailed, __pyx_t_3) < 0) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 9; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto __pyx_L1_error;}
+  __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_3); __pyx_t_3 = 0;
+  __Pyx_DECREF(((PyObject *)__pyx_t_1)); __pyx_t_1 = 0;
+
+  /* "_cdec.pyx":53
+ * 
+ *     @classmethod
+ *     def fromconfig(cls, ini):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         cdef dict config = {}
+ *         with open(ini) as fp:
+ */
+  __pyx_t_1 = __Pyx_GetName((PyObject *)__pyx_ptype_5_cdec_Decoder, __pyx_n_s__fromconfig); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 53; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto __pyx_L1_error;}
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_1);
+  __pyx_t_3 = __Pyx_Method_ClassMethod(__pyx_t_1); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_3)) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 52; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto __pyx_L1_error;}
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_3);
+  __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_1); __pyx_t_1 = 0;
+  if (PyDict_SetItem((PyObject *)__pyx_ptype_5_cdec_Decoder->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s__fromconfig, __pyx_t_3) < 0) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 53; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto __pyx_L1_error;}
+  __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_3); __pyx_t_3 = 0;
+  PyType_Modified(__pyx_ptype_5_cdec_Decoder);
+
+  /* "_cdec.pyx":1
+ * from libcpp.string cimport string             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * from libcpp.vector cimport vector
+ * from utils cimport *
+ */
+  __pyx_t_3 = PyDict_New(); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_3)) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 1; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto __pyx_L1_error;}
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(((PyObject *)__pyx_t_3));
+  if (PyObject_SetAttr(__pyx_m, __pyx_n_s____test__, ((PyObject *)__pyx_t_3)) < 0) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 1; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto __pyx_L1_error;}
+  __Pyx_DECREF(((PyObject *)__pyx_t_3)); __pyx_t_3 = 0;
+  goto __pyx_L0;
+  __pyx_L1_error:;
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_1);
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_2);
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_3);
+  if (__pyx_m) {
+    __Pyx_AddTraceback("init _cdec", __pyx_clineno, __pyx_lineno, __pyx_filename);
+    Py_DECREF(__pyx_m); __pyx_m = 0;
+  } else if (!PyErr_Occurred()) {
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ImportError, "init _cdec");
+  }
+  __pyx_L0:;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  return;
+  #else
+  return __pyx_m;
+  #endif
+}
+
+/* Runtime support code */
+
+#if CYTHON_REFNANNY
+static __Pyx_RefNannyAPIStruct *__Pyx_RefNannyImportAPI(const char *modname) {
+    PyObject *m = NULL, *p = NULL;
+    void *r = NULL;
+    m = PyImport_ImportModule((char *)modname);
+    if (!m) goto end;
+    p = PyObject_GetAttrString(m, (char *)"RefNannyAPI");
+    if (!p) goto end;
+    r = PyLong_AsVoidPtr(p);
+end:
+    Py_XDECREF(p);
+    Py_XDECREF(m);
+    return (__Pyx_RefNannyAPIStruct *)r;
+}
+#endif /* CYTHON_REFNANNY */
+
+static PyObject *__Pyx_GetName(PyObject *dict, PyObject *name) {
+    PyObject *result;
+    result = PyObject_GetAttr(dict, name);
+    if (!result) {
+        if (dict != __pyx_b) {
+            PyErr_Clear();
+            result = PyObject_GetAttr(__pyx_b, name);
+        }
+        if (!result) {
+            PyErr_SetObject(PyExc_NameError, name);
+        }
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+static void __Pyx_RaiseDoubleKeywordsError(
+    const char* func_name,
+    PyObject* kw_name)
+{
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+        #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+        "%s() got multiple values for keyword argument '%U'", func_name, kw_name);
+        #else
+        "%s() got multiple values for keyword argument '%s'", func_name,
+        PyString_AS_STRING(kw_name));
+        #endif
+}
+
+static int __Pyx_ParseOptionalKeywords(
+    PyObject *kwds,
+    PyObject **argnames[],
+    PyObject *kwds2,
+    PyObject *values[],
+    Py_ssize_t num_pos_args,
+    const char* function_name)
+{
+    PyObject *key = 0, *value = 0;
+    Py_ssize_t pos = 0;
+    PyObject*** name;
+    PyObject*** first_kw_arg = argnames + num_pos_args;
+
+    while (PyDict_Next(kwds, &pos, &key, &value)) {
+        name = first_kw_arg;
+        while (*name && (**name != key)) name++;
+        if (*name) {
+            values[name-argnames] = value;
+        } else {
+            #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+            if (unlikely(!PyString_CheckExact(key)) && unlikely(!PyString_Check(key))) {
+            #else
+            if (unlikely(!PyUnicode_CheckExact(key)) && unlikely(!PyUnicode_Check(key))) {
+            #endif
+                goto invalid_keyword_type;
+            } else {
+                for (name = first_kw_arg; *name; name++) {
+                    #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+                    if (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(**name) == PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(key) &&
+                        PyUnicode_Compare(**name, key) == 0) break;
+                    #else
+                    if (PyString_GET_SIZE(**name) == PyString_GET_SIZE(key) &&
+                        _PyString_Eq(**name, key)) break;
+                    #endif
+                }
+                if (*name) {
+                    values[name-argnames] = value;
+                } else {
+                    /* unexpected keyword found */
+                    for (name=argnames; name != first_kw_arg; name++) {
+                        if (**name == key) goto arg_passed_twice;
+                        #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+                        if (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(**name) == PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(key) &&
+                            PyUnicode_Compare(**name, key) == 0) goto arg_passed_twice;
+                        #else
+                        if (PyString_GET_SIZE(**name) == PyString_GET_SIZE(key) &&
+                            _PyString_Eq(**name, key)) goto arg_passed_twice;
+                        #endif
+                    }
+                    if (kwds2) {
+                        if (unlikely(PyDict_SetItem(kwds2, key, value))) goto bad;
+                    } else {
+                        goto invalid_keyword;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+arg_passed_twice:
+    __Pyx_RaiseDoubleKeywordsError(function_name, **name);
+    goto bad;
+invalid_keyword_type:
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+        "%s() keywords must be strings", function_name);
+    goto bad;
+invalid_keyword:
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+    #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+        "%s() got an unexpected keyword argument '%s'",
+        function_name, PyString_AsString(key));
+    #else
+        "%s() got an unexpected keyword argument '%U'",
+        function_name, key);
+    #endif
+bad:
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static void __Pyx_RaiseArgtupleInvalid(
+    const char* func_name,
+    int exact,
+    Py_ssize_t num_min,
+    Py_ssize_t num_max,
+    Py_ssize_t num_found)
+{
+    Py_ssize_t num_expected;
+    const char *more_or_less;
+
+    if (num_found < num_min) {
+        num_expected = num_min;
+        more_or_less = "at least";
+    } else {
+        num_expected = num_max;
+        more_or_less = "at most";
+    }
+    if (exact) {
+        more_or_less = "exactly";
+    }
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                 "%s() takes %s %"PY_FORMAT_SIZE_T"d positional argument%s (%"PY_FORMAT_SIZE_T"d given)",
+                 func_name, more_or_less, num_expected,
+                 (num_expected == 1) ? "" : "s", num_found);
+}
+
+static int __Pyx_ArgTypeTest(PyObject *obj, PyTypeObject *type, int none_allowed,
+    const char *name, int exact)
+{
+    if (!type) {
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_SystemError, "Missing type object");
+        return 0;
+    }
+    if (none_allowed && obj == Py_None) return 1;
+    else if (exact) {
+        if (Py_TYPE(obj) == type) return 1;
+    }
+    else {
+        if (PyObject_TypeCheck(obj, type)) return 1;
+    }
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+        "Argument '%s' has incorrect type (expected %s, got %s)",
+        name, type->tp_name, Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_name);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_ErrRestore(PyObject *type, PyObject *value, PyObject *tb) {
+    PyObject *tmp_type, *tmp_value, *tmp_tb;
+    PyThreadState *tstate = PyThreadState_GET();
+
+    tmp_type = tstate->curexc_type;
+    tmp_value = tstate->curexc_value;
+    tmp_tb = tstate->curexc_traceback;
+    tstate->curexc_type = type;
+    tstate->curexc_value = value;
+    tstate->curexc_traceback = tb;
+    Py_XDECREF(tmp_type);
+    Py_XDECREF(tmp_value);
+    Py_XDECREF(tmp_tb);
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_ErrFetch(PyObject **type, PyObject **value, PyObject **tb) {
+    PyThreadState *tstate = PyThreadState_GET();
+    *type = tstate->curexc_type;
+    *value = tstate->curexc_value;
+    *tb = tstate->curexc_traceback;
+
+    tstate->curexc_type = 0;
+    tstate->curexc_value = 0;
+    tstate->curexc_traceback = 0;
+}
+
+
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+static void __Pyx_Raise(PyObject *type, PyObject *value, PyObject *tb, PyObject *cause) {
+    /* cause is unused */
+    Py_XINCREF(type);
+    Py_XINCREF(value);
+    Py_XINCREF(tb);
+    /* First, check the traceback argument, replacing None with NULL. */
+    if (tb == Py_None) {
+        Py_DECREF(tb);
+        tb = 0;
+    }
+    else if (tb != NULL && !PyTraceBack_Check(tb)) {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+            "raise: arg 3 must be a traceback or None");
+        goto raise_error;
+    }
+    /* Next, replace a missing value with None */
+    if (value == NULL) {
+        value = Py_None;
+        Py_INCREF(value);
+    }
+    #if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02050000
+    if (!PyClass_Check(type))
+    #else
+    if (!PyType_Check(type))
+    #endif
+    {
+        /* Raising an instance.  The value should be a dummy. */
+        if (value != Py_None) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+                "instance exception may not have a separate value");
+            goto raise_error;
+        }
+        /* Normalize to raise <class>, <instance> */
+        Py_DECREF(value);
+        value = type;
+        #if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02050000
+            if (PyInstance_Check(type)) {
+                type = (PyObject*) ((PyInstanceObject*)type)->in_class;
+                Py_INCREF(type);
+            }
+            else {
+                type = 0;
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+                    "raise: exception must be an old-style class or instance");
+                goto raise_error;
+            }
+        #else
+            type = (PyObject*) Py_TYPE(type);
+            Py_INCREF(type);
+            if (!PyType_IsSubtype((PyTypeObject *)type, (PyTypeObject *)PyExc_BaseException)) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+                    "raise: exception class must be a subclass of BaseException");
+                goto raise_error;
+            }
+        #endif
+    }
+
+    __Pyx_ErrRestore(type, value, tb);
+    return;
+raise_error:
+    Py_XDECREF(value);
+    Py_XDECREF(type);
+    Py_XDECREF(tb);
+    return;
+}
+
+#else /* Python 3+ */
+
+static void __Pyx_Raise(PyObject *type, PyObject *value, PyObject *tb, PyObject *cause) {
+    if (tb == Py_None) {
+        tb = 0;
+    } else if (tb && !PyTraceBack_Check(tb)) {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+            "raise: arg 3 must be a traceback or None");
+        goto bad;
+    }
+    if (value == Py_None)
+        value = 0;
+
+    if (PyExceptionInstance_Check(type)) {
+        if (value) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+                "instance exception may not have a separate value");
+            goto bad;
+        }
+        value = type;
+        type = (PyObject*) Py_TYPE(value);
+    } else if (!PyExceptionClass_Check(type)) {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+            "raise: exception class must be a subclass of BaseException");
+        goto bad;
+    }
+
+    if (cause) {
+        PyObject *fixed_cause;
+        if (PyExceptionClass_Check(cause)) {
+            fixed_cause = PyObject_CallObject(cause, NULL);
+            if (fixed_cause == NULL)
+                goto bad;
+        }
+        else if (PyExceptionInstance_Check(cause)) {
+            fixed_cause = cause;
+            Py_INCREF(fixed_cause);
+        }
+        else {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+                            "exception causes must derive from "
+                            "BaseException");
+            goto bad;
+        }
+        if (!value) {
+            value = PyObject_CallObject(type, NULL);
+        }
+        PyException_SetCause(value, fixed_cause);
+    }
+
+    PyErr_SetObject(type, value);
+
+    if (tb) {
+        PyThreadState *tstate = PyThreadState_GET();
+        PyObject* tmp_tb = tstate->curexc_traceback;
+        if (tb != tmp_tb) {
+            Py_INCREF(tb);
+            tstate->curexc_traceback = tb;
+            Py_XDECREF(tmp_tb);
+        }
+    }
+
+bad:
+    return;
+}
+#endif
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_RaiseNeedMoreValuesError(Py_ssize_t index) {
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
+                 "need more than %"PY_FORMAT_SIZE_T"d value%s to unpack",
+                 index, (index == 1) ? "" : "s");
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_RaiseTooManyValuesError(Py_ssize_t expected) {
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
+                 "too many values to unpack (expected %"PY_FORMAT_SIZE_T"d)", expected);
+}
+
+static int __Pyx_IternextUnpackEndCheck(PyObject *retval, Py_ssize_t expected) {
+    if (unlikely(retval)) {
+        Py_DECREF(retval);
+        __Pyx_RaiseTooManyValuesError(expected);
+        return -1;
+    } else if (PyErr_Occurred()) {
+        if (likely(PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_StopIteration))) {
+            PyErr_Clear();
+            return 0;
+        } else {
+            return -1;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int __Pyx_GetException(PyObject **type, PyObject **value, PyObject **tb) {
+    PyObject *local_type, *local_value, *local_tb;
+    PyObject *tmp_type, *tmp_value, *tmp_tb;
+    PyThreadState *tstate = PyThreadState_GET();
+    local_type = tstate->curexc_type;
+    local_value = tstate->curexc_value;
+    local_tb = tstate->curexc_traceback;
+    tstate->curexc_type = 0;
+    tstate->curexc_value = 0;
+    tstate->curexc_traceback = 0;
+    PyErr_NormalizeException(&local_type, &local_value, &local_tb);
+    if (unlikely(tstate->curexc_type))
+        goto bad;
+    #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+    if (unlikely(PyException_SetTraceback(local_value, local_tb) < 0))
+        goto bad;
+    #endif
+    *type = local_type;
+    *value = local_value;
+    *tb = local_tb;
+    Py_INCREF(local_type);
+    Py_INCREF(local_value);
+    Py_INCREF(local_tb);
+    tmp_type = tstate->exc_type;
+    tmp_value = tstate->exc_value;
+    tmp_tb = tstate->exc_traceback;
+    tstate->exc_type = local_type;
+    tstate->exc_value = local_value;
+    tstate->exc_traceback = local_tb;
+    /* Make sure tstate is in a consistent state when we XDECREF
+       these objects (XDECREF may run arbitrary code). */
+    Py_XDECREF(tmp_type);
+    Py_XDECREF(tmp_value);
+    Py_XDECREF(tmp_tb);
+    return 0;
+bad:
+    *type = 0;
+    *value = 0;
+    *tb = 0;
+    Py_XDECREF(local_type);
+    Py_XDECREF(local_value);
+    Py_XDECREF(local_tb);
+    return -1;
+}
+
+
+static double __Pyx__PyObject_AsDouble(PyObject* obj) {
+    PyObject* float_value;
+    if (Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_as_number && Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_as_number->nb_float) {
+        return PyFloat_AsDouble(obj);
+    } else if (PyUnicode_CheckExact(obj) || PyBytes_CheckExact(obj)) {
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+        float_value = PyFloat_FromString(obj);
+#else
+        float_value = PyFloat_FromString(obj, 0);
+#endif
+    } else {
+        PyObject* args = PyTuple_New(1);
+        if (unlikely(!args)) goto bad;
+        PyTuple_SET_ITEM(args, 0, obj);
+        float_value = PyObject_Call((PyObject*)&PyFloat_Type, args, 0);
+        PyTuple_SET_ITEM(args, 0, 0);
+        Py_DECREF(args);
+    }
+    if (likely(float_value)) {
+        double value = PyFloat_AS_DOUBLE(float_value);
+        Py_DECREF(float_value);
+        return value;
+    }
+bad:
+    return (double)-1;
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_TypeTest(PyObject *obj, PyTypeObject *type) {
+    if (unlikely(!type)) {
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_SystemError, "Missing type object");
+        return 0;
+    }
+    if (likely(PyObject_TypeCheck(obj, type)))
+        return 1;
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, "Cannot convert %.200s to %.200s",
+                 Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_name, type->tp_name);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_ExceptionSave(PyObject **type, PyObject **value, PyObject **tb) {
+    PyThreadState *tstate = PyThreadState_GET();
+    *type = tstate->exc_type;
+    *value = tstate->exc_value;
+    *tb = tstate->exc_traceback;
+    Py_XINCREF(*type);
+    Py_XINCREF(*value);
+    Py_XINCREF(*tb);
+}
+
+static void __Pyx_ExceptionReset(PyObject *type, PyObject *value, PyObject *tb) {
+    PyObject *tmp_type, *tmp_value, *tmp_tb;
+    PyThreadState *tstate = PyThreadState_GET();
+    tmp_type = tstate->exc_type;
+    tmp_value = tstate->exc_value;
+    tmp_tb = tstate->exc_traceback;
+    tstate->exc_type = type;
+    tstate->exc_value = value;
+    tstate->exc_traceback = tb;
+    Py_XDECREF(tmp_type);
+    Py_XDECREF(tmp_value);
+    Py_XDECREF(tmp_tb);
+}
+
+static PyObject *__Pyx_FindPy2Metaclass(PyObject *bases) {
+    PyObject *metaclass;
+    /* Default metaclass */
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+    if (PyTuple_Check(bases) && PyTuple_GET_SIZE(bases) > 0) {
+        PyObject *base = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(bases, 0);
+        metaclass = PyObject_GetAttrString(base, (char *)"__class__");
+        if (!metaclass) {
+            PyErr_Clear();
+            metaclass = (PyObject*) Py_TYPE(base);
+        }
+    } else {
+        metaclass = (PyObject *) &PyClass_Type;
+    }
+#else
+    if (PyTuple_Check(bases) && PyTuple_GET_SIZE(bases) > 0) {
+        PyObject *base = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(bases, 0);
+        metaclass = (PyObject*) Py_TYPE(base);
+    } else {
+        metaclass = (PyObject *) &PyType_Type;
+    }
+#endif
+    Py_INCREF(metaclass);
+    return metaclass;
+}
+
+static PyObject *__Pyx_CreateClass(PyObject *bases, PyObject *dict, PyObject *name,
+                                   PyObject *modname) {
+    PyObject *result;
+    PyObject *metaclass;
+
+    if (PyDict_SetItemString(dict, "__module__", modname) < 0)
+        return NULL;
+
+    /* Python2 __metaclass__ */
+    metaclass = PyDict_GetItemString(dict, "__metaclass__");
+    if (metaclass) {
+        Py_INCREF(metaclass);
+    } else {
+        metaclass = __Pyx_FindPy2Metaclass(bases);
+    }
+    result = PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(metaclass, name, bases, dict, NULL);
+    Py_DECREF(metaclass);
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PyObject* __Pyx_Method_ClassMethod(PyObject *method) {
+    /* It appears that PyMethodDescr_Type is not anywhere exposed in the Python/C API */
+    static PyTypeObject *methoddescr_type = NULL;
+    if (methoddescr_type == NULL) {
+       PyObject *meth = __Pyx_GetAttrString((PyObject*)&PyList_Type, "append");
+       if (!meth) return NULL;
+       methoddescr_type = Py_TYPE(meth);
+       Py_DECREF(meth);
+    }
+    if (PyObject_TypeCheck(method, methoddescr_type)) { /* cdef classes */
+        PyMethodDescrObject *descr = (PyMethodDescrObject *)method;
+        #if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03020000
+        PyTypeObject *d_type = descr->d_type;
+        #else
+        PyTypeObject *d_type = descr->d_common.d_type;
+        #endif
+        return PyDescr_NewClassMethod(d_type, descr->d_method);
+    }
+    else if (PyMethod_Check(method)) { /* python classes */
+        return PyClassMethod_New(PyMethod_GET_FUNCTION(method));
+    }
+    else if (PyCFunction_Check(method)) {
+        return PyClassMethod_New(method);
+    }
+#ifdef __pyx_binding_PyCFunctionType_USED
+    else if (PyObject_TypeCheck(method, __pyx_binding_PyCFunctionType)) { /* binded CFunction */
+        return PyClassMethod_New(method);
+    }
+#endif
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                 "Class-level classmethod() can only be called on "
+                 "a method_descriptor or instance method.");
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE unsigned char __Pyx_PyInt_AsUnsignedChar(PyObject* x) {
+    const unsigned char neg_one = (unsigned char)-1, const_zero = 0;
+    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
+    if (sizeof(unsigned char) < sizeof(long)) {
+        long val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
+        if (unlikely(val != (long)(unsigned char)val)) {
+            if (!unlikely(val == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                    (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) ?
+                    "can't convert negative value to unsigned char" :
+                    "value too large to convert to unsigned char");
+            }
+            return (unsigned char)-1;
+        }
+        return (unsigned char)val;
+    }
+    return (unsigned char)__Pyx_PyInt_AsUnsignedLong(x);
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE unsigned short __Pyx_PyInt_AsUnsignedShort(PyObject* x) {
+    const unsigned short neg_one = (unsigned short)-1, const_zero = 0;
+    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
+    if (sizeof(unsigned short) < sizeof(long)) {
+        long val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
+        if (unlikely(val != (long)(unsigned short)val)) {
+            if (!unlikely(val == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                    (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) ?
+                    "can't convert negative value to unsigned short" :
+                    "value too large to convert to unsigned short");
+            }
+            return (unsigned short)-1;
+        }
+        return (unsigned short)val;
+    }
+    return (unsigned short)__Pyx_PyInt_AsUnsignedLong(x);
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE unsigned int __Pyx_PyInt_AsUnsignedInt(PyObject* x) {
+    const unsigned int neg_one = (unsigned int)-1, const_zero = 0;
+    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
+    if (sizeof(unsigned int) < sizeof(long)) {
+        long val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
+        if (unlikely(val != (long)(unsigned int)val)) {
+            if (!unlikely(val == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                    (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) ?
+                    "can't convert negative value to unsigned int" :
+                    "value too large to convert to unsigned int");
+            }
+            return (unsigned int)-1;
+        }
+        return (unsigned int)val;
+    }
+    return (unsigned int)__Pyx_PyInt_AsUnsignedLong(x);
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE char __Pyx_PyInt_AsChar(PyObject* x) {
+    const char neg_one = (char)-1, const_zero = 0;
+    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
+    if (sizeof(char) < sizeof(long)) {
+        long val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
+        if (unlikely(val != (long)(char)val)) {
+            if (!unlikely(val == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                    (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) ?
+                    "can't convert negative value to char" :
+                    "value too large to convert to char");
+            }
+            return (char)-1;
+        }
+        return (char)val;
+    }
+    return (char)__Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE short __Pyx_PyInt_AsShort(PyObject* x) {
+    const short neg_one = (short)-1, const_zero = 0;
+    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
+    if (sizeof(short) < sizeof(long)) {
+        long val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
+        if (unlikely(val != (long)(short)val)) {
+            if (!unlikely(val == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                    (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) ?
+                    "can't convert negative value to short" :
+                    "value too large to convert to short");
+            }
+            return (short)-1;
+        }
+        return (short)val;
+    }
+    return (short)__Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_PyInt_AsInt(PyObject* x) {
+    const int neg_one = (int)-1, const_zero = 0;
+    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
+    if (sizeof(int) < sizeof(long)) {
+        long val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
+        if (unlikely(val != (long)(int)val)) {
+            if (!unlikely(val == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                    (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) ?
+                    "can't convert negative value to int" :
+                    "value too large to convert to int");
+            }
+            return (int)-1;
+        }
+        return (int)val;
+    }
+    return (int)__Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE signed char __Pyx_PyInt_AsSignedChar(PyObject* x) {
+    const signed char neg_one = (signed char)-1, const_zero = 0;
+    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
+    if (sizeof(signed char) < sizeof(long)) {
+        long val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
+        if (unlikely(val != (long)(signed char)val)) {
+            if (!unlikely(val == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                    (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) ?
+                    "can't convert negative value to signed char" :
+                    "value too large to convert to signed char");
+            }
+            return (signed char)-1;
+        }
+        return (signed char)val;
+    }
+    return (signed char)__Pyx_PyInt_AsSignedLong(x);
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE signed short __Pyx_PyInt_AsSignedShort(PyObject* x) {
+    const signed short neg_one = (signed short)-1, const_zero = 0;
+    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
+    if (sizeof(signed short) < sizeof(long)) {
+        long val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
+        if (unlikely(val != (long)(signed short)val)) {
+            if (!unlikely(val == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                    (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) ?
+                    "can't convert negative value to signed short" :
+                    "value too large to convert to signed short");
+            }
+            return (signed short)-1;
+        }
+        return (signed short)val;
+    }
+    return (signed short)__Pyx_PyInt_AsSignedLong(x);
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE signed int __Pyx_PyInt_AsSignedInt(PyObject* x) {
+    const signed int neg_one = (signed int)-1, const_zero = 0;
+    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
+    if (sizeof(signed int) < sizeof(long)) {
+        long val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
+        if (unlikely(val != (long)(signed int)val)) {
+            if (!unlikely(val == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                    (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) ?
+                    "can't convert negative value to signed int" :
+                    "value too large to convert to signed int");
+            }
+            return (signed int)-1;
+        }
+        return (signed int)val;
+    }
+    return (signed int)__Pyx_PyInt_AsSignedLong(x);
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_PyInt_AsLongDouble(PyObject* x) {
+    const int neg_one = (int)-1, const_zero = 0;
+    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
+    if (sizeof(int) < sizeof(long)) {
+        long val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
+        if (unlikely(val != (long)(int)val)) {
+            if (!unlikely(val == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                    (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) ?
+                    "can't convert negative value to int" :
+                    "value too large to convert to int");
+            }
+            return (int)-1;
+        }
+        return (int)val;
+    }
+    return (int)__Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE unsigned long __Pyx_PyInt_AsUnsignedLong(PyObject* x) {
+    const unsigned long neg_one = (unsigned long)-1, const_zero = 0;
+    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03000000
+    if (likely(PyInt_Check(x))) {
+        long val = PyInt_AS_LONG(x);
+        if (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                            "can't convert negative value to unsigned long");
+            return (unsigned long)-1;
+        }
+        return (unsigned long)val;
+    } else
+#endif
+    if (likely(PyLong_Check(x))) {
+        if (is_unsigned) {
+            if (unlikely(Py_SIZE(x) < 0)) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                                "can't convert negative value to unsigned long");
+                return (unsigned long)-1;
+            }
+            return (unsigned long)PyLong_AsUnsignedLong(x);
+        } else {
+            return (unsigned long)PyLong_AsLong(x);
+        }
+    } else {
+        unsigned long val;
+        PyObject *tmp = __Pyx_PyNumber_Int(x);
+        if (!tmp) return (unsigned long)-1;
+        val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsUnsignedLong(tmp);
+        Py_DECREF(tmp);
+        return val;
+    }
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE unsigned PY_LONG_LONG __Pyx_PyInt_AsUnsignedLongLong(PyObject* x) {
+    const unsigned PY_LONG_LONG neg_one = (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)-1, const_zero = 0;
+    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03000000
+    if (likely(PyInt_Check(x))) {
+        long val = PyInt_AS_LONG(x);
+        if (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                            "can't convert negative value to unsigned PY_LONG_LONG");
+            return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)-1;
+        }
+        return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)val;
+    } else
+#endif
+    if (likely(PyLong_Check(x))) {
+        if (is_unsigned) {
+            if (unlikely(Py_SIZE(x) < 0)) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                                "can't convert negative value to unsigned PY_LONG_LONG");
+                return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)-1;
+            }
+            return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)PyLong_AsUnsignedLongLong(x);
+        } else {
+            return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)PyLong_AsLongLong(x);
+        }
+    } else {
+        unsigned PY_LONG_LONG val;
+        PyObject *tmp = __Pyx_PyNumber_Int(x);
+        if (!tmp) return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)-1;
+        val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsUnsignedLongLong(tmp);
+        Py_DECREF(tmp);
+        return val;
+    }
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE long __Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(PyObject* x) {
+    const long neg_one = (long)-1, const_zero = 0;
+    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03000000
+    if (likely(PyInt_Check(x))) {
+        long val = PyInt_AS_LONG(x);
+        if (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                            "can't convert negative value to long");
+            return (long)-1;
+        }
+        return (long)val;
+    } else
+#endif
+    if (likely(PyLong_Check(x))) {
+        if (is_unsigned) {
+            if (unlikely(Py_SIZE(x) < 0)) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                                "can't convert negative value to long");
+                return (long)-1;
+            }
+            return (long)PyLong_AsUnsignedLong(x);
+        } else {
+            return (long)PyLong_AsLong(x);
+        }
+    } else {
+        long val;
+        PyObject *tmp = __Pyx_PyNumber_Int(x);
+        if (!tmp) return (long)-1;
+        val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(tmp);
+        Py_DECREF(tmp);
+        return val;
+    }
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE PY_LONG_LONG __Pyx_PyInt_AsLongLong(PyObject* x) {
+    const PY_LONG_LONG neg_one = (PY_LONG_LONG)-1, const_zero = 0;
+    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03000000
+    if (likely(PyInt_Check(x))) {
+        long val = PyInt_AS_LONG(x);
+        if (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                            "can't convert negative value to PY_LONG_LONG");
+            return (PY_LONG_LONG)-1;
+        }
+        return (PY_LONG_LONG)val;
+    } else
+#endif
+    if (likely(PyLong_Check(x))) {
+        if (is_unsigned) {
+            if (unlikely(Py_SIZE(x) < 0)) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                                "can't convert negative value to PY_LONG_LONG");
+                return (PY_LONG_LONG)-1;
+            }
+            return (PY_LONG_LONG)PyLong_AsUnsignedLongLong(x);
+        } else {
+            return (PY_LONG_LONG)PyLong_AsLongLong(x);
+        }
+    } else {
+        PY_LONG_LONG val;
+        PyObject *tmp = __Pyx_PyNumber_Int(x);
+        if (!tmp) return (PY_LONG_LONG)-1;
+        val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsLongLong(tmp);
+        Py_DECREF(tmp);
+        return val;
+    }
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE signed long __Pyx_PyInt_AsSignedLong(PyObject* x) {
+    const signed long neg_one = (signed long)-1, const_zero = 0;
+    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03000000
+    if (likely(PyInt_Check(x))) {
+        long val = PyInt_AS_LONG(x);
+        if (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                            "can't convert negative value to signed long");
+            return (signed long)-1;
+        }
+        return (signed long)val;
+    } else
+#endif
+    if (likely(PyLong_Check(x))) {
+        if (is_unsigned) {
+            if (unlikely(Py_SIZE(x) < 0)) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                                "can't convert negative value to signed long");
+                return (signed long)-1;
+            }
+            return (signed long)PyLong_AsUnsignedLong(x);
+        } else {
+            return (signed long)PyLong_AsLong(x);
+        }
+    } else {
+        signed long val;
+        PyObject *tmp = __Pyx_PyNumber_Int(x);
+        if (!tmp) return (signed long)-1;
+        val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsSignedLong(tmp);
+        Py_DECREF(tmp);
+        return val;
+    }
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE signed PY_LONG_LONG __Pyx_PyInt_AsSignedLongLong(PyObject* x) {
+    const signed PY_LONG_LONG neg_one = (signed PY_LONG_LONG)-1, const_zero = 0;
+    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03000000
+    if (likely(PyInt_Check(x))) {
+        long val = PyInt_AS_LONG(x);
+        if (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                            "can't convert negative value to signed PY_LONG_LONG");
+            return (signed PY_LONG_LONG)-1;
+        }
+        return (signed PY_LONG_LONG)val;
+    } else
+#endif
+    if (likely(PyLong_Check(x))) {
+        if (is_unsigned) {
+            if (unlikely(Py_SIZE(x) < 0)) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                                "can't convert negative value to signed PY_LONG_LONG");
+                return (signed PY_LONG_LONG)-1;
+            }
+            return (signed PY_LONG_LONG)PyLong_AsUnsignedLongLong(x);
+        } else {
+            return (signed PY_LONG_LONG)PyLong_AsLongLong(x);
+        }
+    } else {
+        signed PY_LONG_LONG val;
+        PyObject *tmp = __Pyx_PyNumber_Int(x);
+        if (!tmp) return (signed PY_LONG_LONG)-1;
+        val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsSignedLongLong(tmp);
+        Py_DECREF(tmp);
+        return val;
+    }
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_ExceptionSwap(PyObject **type, PyObject **value, PyObject **tb) {
+    PyObject *tmp_type, *tmp_value, *tmp_tb;
+    PyThreadState *tstate = PyThreadState_GET();
+
+    tmp_type = tstate->exc_type;
+    tmp_value = tstate->exc_value;
+    tmp_tb = tstate->exc_traceback;
+
+    tstate->exc_type = *type;
+    tstate->exc_value = *value;
+    tstate->exc_traceback = *tb;
+
+    *type = tmp_type;
+    *value = tmp_value;
+    *tb = tmp_tb;
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_Generator_ExceptionClear(struct __pyx_Generator_object *self)
+{
+    Py_XDECREF(self->exc_type);
+    Py_XDECREF(self->exc_value);
+    Py_XDECREF(self->exc_traceback);
+
+    self->exc_type = NULL;
+    self->exc_value = NULL;
+    self->exc_traceback = NULL;
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__Pyx_Generator_SendEx(struct __pyx_Generator_object *self, PyObject *value)
+{
+    PyObject *retval;
+
+    if (self->is_running) {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                        "generator already executing");
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    if (self->resume_label == 0) {
+        if (value && value != Py_None) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+                            "can't send non-None value to a "
+                            "just-started generator");
+            return NULL;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (self->resume_label == -1) {
+        PyErr_SetNone(PyExc_StopIteration);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+
+    if (value)
+        __Pyx_ExceptionSwap(&self->exc_type, &self->exc_value, &self->exc_traceback);
+    else
+        __Pyx_Generator_ExceptionClear(self);
+
+    self->is_running = 1;
+    retval = self->body((PyObject *) self, value);
+    self->is_running = 0;
+
+    if (retval)
+        __Pyx_ExceptionSwap(&self->exc_type, &self->exc_value, &self->exc_traceback);
+    else
+        __Pyx_Generator_ExceptionClear(self);
+
+    return retval;
+}
+
+static PyObject *__Pyx_Generator_Next(PyObject *self)
+{
+    return __Pyx_Generator_SendEx((struct __pyx_Generator_object *) self, Py_None);
+}
+
+static PyObject *__Pyx_Generator_Send(PyObject *self, PyObject *value)
+{
+    return __Pyx_Generator_SendEx((struct __pyx_Generator_object *) self, value);
+}
+
+static PyObject *__Pyx_Generator_Close(PyObject *self)
+{
+    struct __pyx_Generator_object *generator = (struct __pyx_Generator_object *) self;
+    PyObject *retval;
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02050000
+    PyErr_SetNone(PyExc_StopIteration);
+#else
+    PyErr_SetNone(PyExc_GeneratorExit);
+#endif
+    retval = __Pyx_Generator_SendEx(generator, NULL);
+    if (retval) {
+        Py_DECREF(retval);
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError,
+                        "generator ignored GeneratorExit");
+        return NULL;
+    }
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02050000
+    if (PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_StopIteration))
+#else
+    if (PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_StopIteration)
+        || PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_GeneratorExit))
+#endif
+    {
+        PyErr_Clear();          /* ignore these errors */
+        Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+        return Py_None;
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static PyObject *__Pyx_Generator_Throw(PyObject *self, PyObject *args, CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *kwds)
+{
+    struct __pyx_Generator_object *generator = (struct __pyx_Generator_object *) self;
+    PyObject *typ;
+    PyObject *tb = NULL;
+    PyObject *val = NULL;
+
+    if (!PyArg_UnpackTuple(args, (char *)"throw", 1, 3, &typ, &val, &tb))
+        return NULL;
+    __Pyx_Raise(typ, val, tb, NULL);
+    return __Pyx_Generator_SendEx(generator, NULL);
+}
+
+static int __Pyx_check_binary_version(void) {
+    char ctversion[4], rtversion[4];
+    PyOS_snprintf(ctversion, 4, "%d.%d", PY_MAJOR_VERSION, PY_MINOR_VERSION);
+    PyOS_snprintf(rtversion, 4, "%s", Py_GetVersion());
+    if (ctversion[0] != rtversion[0] || ctversion[2] != rtversion[2]) {
+        char message[200];
+        PyOS_snprintf(message, sizeof(message),
+                      "compiletime version %s of module '%.100s' "
+                      "does not match runtime version %s",
+                      ctversion, __Pyx_MODULE_NAME, rtversion);
+        #if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02050000
+        return PyErr_Warn(NULL, message);
+        #else
+        return PyErr_WarnEx(NULL, message, 1);
+        #endif
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+#include "compile.h"
+#include "frameobject.h"
+#include "traceback.h"
+
+static void __Pyx_AddTraceback(const char *funcname, int __pyx_clineno,
+                               int __pyx_lineno, const char *__pyx_filename) {
+    PyObject *py_srcfile = 0;
+    PyObject *py_funcname = 0;
+    PyObject *py_globals = 0;
+    PyCodeObject *py_code = 0;
+    PyFrameObject *py_frame = 0;
+
+    #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+    py_srcfile = PyString_FromString(__pyx_filename);
+    #else
+    py_srcfile = PyUnicode_FromString(__pyx_filename);
+    #endif
+    if (!py_srcfile) goto bad;
+    if (__pyx_clineno) {
+        #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+        py_funcname = PyString_FromFormat( "%s (%s:%d)", funcname, __pyx_cfilenm, __pyx_clineno);
+        #else
+        py_funcname = PyUnicode_FromFormat( "%s (%s:%d)", funcname, __pyx_cfilenm, __pyx_clineno);
+        #endif
+    }
+    else {
+        #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+        py_funcname = PyString_FromString(funcname);
+        #else
+        py_funcname = PyUnicode_FromString(funcname);
+        #endif
+    }
+    if (!py_funcname) goto bad;
+    py_globals = PyModule_GetDict(__pyx_m);
+    if (!py_globals) goto bad;
+    py_code = PyCode_New(
+        0,            /*int argcount,*/
+        #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+        0,            /*int kwonlyargcount,*/
+        #endif
+        0,            /*int nlocals,*/
+        0,            /*int stacksize,*/
+        0,            /*int flags,*/
+        __pyx_empty_bytes, /*PyObject *code,*/
+        __pyx_empty_tuple,  /*PyObject *consts,*/
+        __pyx_empty_tuple,  /*PyObject *names,*/
+        __pyx_empty_tuple,  /*PyObject *varnames,*/
+        __pyx_empty_tuple,  /*PyObject *freevars,*/
+        __pyx_empty_tuple,  /*PyObject *cellvars,*/
+        py_srcfile,   /*PyObject *filename,*/
+        py_funcname,  /*PyObject *name,*/
+        __pyx_lineno,   /*int firstlineno,*/
+        __pyx_empty_bytes  /*PyObject *lnotab*/
+    );
+    if (!py_code) goto bad;
+    py_frame = PyFrame_New(
+        PyThreadState_GET(), /*PyThreadState *tstate,*/
+        py_code,             /*PyCodeObject *code,*/
+        py_globals,          /*PyObject *globals,*/
+        0                    /*PyObject *locals*/
+    );
+    if (!py_frame) goto bad;
+    py_frame->f_lineno = __pyx_lineno;
+    PyTraceBack_Here(py_frame);
+bad:
+    Py_XDECREF(py_srcfile);
+    Py_XDECREF(py_funcname);
+    Py_XDECREF(py_code);
+    Py_XDECREF(py_frame);
+}
+
+static int __Pyx_InitStrings(__Pyx_StringTabEntry *t) {
+    while (t->p) {
+        #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+        if (t->is_unicode) {
+            *t->p = PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8(t->s, t->n - 1, NULL);
+        } else if (t->intern) {
+            *t->p = PyString_InternFromString(t->s);
+        } else {
+            *t->p = PyString_FromStringAndSize(t->s, t->n - 1);
+        }
+        #else  /* Python 3+ has unicode identifiers */
+        if (t->is_unicode | t->is_str) {
+            if (t->intern) {
+                *t->p = PyUnicode_InternFromString(t->s);
+            } else if (t->encoding) {
+                *t->p = PyUnicode_Decode(t->s, t->n - 1, t->encoding, NULL);
+            } else {
+                *t->p = PyUnicode_FromStringAndSize(t->s, t->n - 1);
+            }
+        } else {
+            *t->p = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(t->s, t->n - 1);
+        }
+        #endif
+        if (!*t->p)
+            return -1;
+        ++t;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* Type Conversion Functions */
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(PyObject* x) {
+   int is_true = x == Py_True;
+   if (is_true | (x == Py_False) | (x == Py_None)) return is_true;
+   else return PyObject_IsTrue(x);
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyNumber_Int(PyObject* x) {
+  PyNumberMethods *m;
+  const char *name = NULL;
+  PyObject *res = NULL;
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03000000
+  if (PyInt_Check(x) || PyLong_Check(x))
+#else
+  if (PyLong_Check(x))
+#endif
+    return Py_INCREF(x), x;
+  m = Py_TYPE(x)->tp_as_number;
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03000000
+  if (m && m->nb_int) {
+    name = "int";
+    res = PyNumber_Int(x);
+  }
+  else if (m && m->nb_long) {
+    name = "long";
+    res = PyNumber_Long(x);
+  }
+#else
+  if (m && m->nb_int) {
+    name = "int";
+    res = PyNumber_Long(x);
+  }
+#endif
+  if (res) {
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03000000
+    if (!PyInt_Check(res) && !PyLong_Check(res)) {
+#else
+    if (!PyLong_Check(res)) {
+#endif
+      PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                   "__%s__ returned non-%s (type %.200s)",
+                   name, name, Py_TYPE(res)->tp_name);
+      Py_DECREF(res);
+      return NULL;
+    }
+  }
+  else if (!PyErr_Occurred()) {
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+                    "an integer is required");
+  }
+  return res;
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE Py_ssize_t __Pyx_PyIndex_AsSsize_t(PyObject* b) {
+  Py_ssize_t ival;
+  PyObject* x = PyNumber_Index(b);
+  if (!x) return -1;
+  ival = PyInt_AsSsize_t(x);
+  Py_DECREF(x);
+  return ival;
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject * __Pyx_PyInt_FromSize_t(size_t ival) {
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02050000
+   if (ival <= LONG_MAX)
+       return PyInt_FromLong((long)ival);
+   else {
+       unsigned char *bytes = (unsigned char *) &ival;
+       int one = 1; int little = (int)*(unsigned char*)&one;
+       return _PyLong_FromByteArray(bytes, sizeof(size_t), little, 0);
+   }
+#else
+   return PyInt_FromSize_t(ival);
+#endif
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE size_t __Pyx_PyInt_AsSize_t(PyObject* x) {
+   unsigned PY_LONG_LONG val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsUnsignedLongLong(x);
+   if (unlikely(val == (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)-1 && PyErr_Occurred())) {
+       return (size_t)-1;
+   } else if (unlikely(val != (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)(size_t)val)) {
+       PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                       "value too large to convert to size_t");
+       return (size_t)-1;
+   }
+   return (size_t)val;
+}
+
+
+#endif /* Py_PYTHON_H */
diff --git a/python/src/_cdec.pyx b/python/src/_cdec.pyx
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b99f087d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/src/_cdec.pyx
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+from libcpp.string cimport string
+from libcpp.vector cimport vector
+from utils cimport *
+cimport hypergraph
+cimport decoder
+
+SetSilent(True)
+
+class ParseFailed(Exception):
+    pass
+
+cdef class Weights:
+    cdef vector[weight_t]* weights
+
+    def __cinit__(self, Decoder decoder):
+        self.weights = &decoder.dec.CurrentWeightVector()
+
+    def __getitem__(self, char* fname):
+        cdef unsigned fid = Convert(fname)
+        if fid <= self.weights.size():
+            return self.weights[0][fid]
+        raise KeyError(fname)
+    
+    def __setitem__(self, char* fname, float value):
+        cdef unsigned fid = Convert(<char *>fname)
+        if self.weights.size() <= fid:
+            self.weights.resize(fid + 1)
+        self.weights[0][fid] = value
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        cdef unsigned fid
+        for fid in range(1, self.weights.size()):
+            yield Convert(fid).c_str(), self.weights[0][fid]
+
+cdef class Decoder:
+    cdef decoder.Decoder* dec
+    cdef public Weights weights
+
+    def __cinit__(self, char* config):
+        decoder.register_feature_functions()
+        cdef istringstream* config_stream = new istringstream(config) # ConfigStream(kwargs)
+        #cdef ReadFile* config_file = new ReadFile(string(config))
+        #cdef istream* config_stream = config_file.stream()
+        self.dec = new decoder.Decoder(config_stream)
+        del config_stream
+        #del config_file
+        self.weights = Weights(self)
+
+    def __dealloc__(self):
+        del self.dec
+
+    @classmethod
+    def fromconfig(cls, ini):
+        cdef dict config = {}
+        with open(ini) as fp:
+            for line in fp:
+                line = line.strip()
+                if not line or line.startswith('#'): continue
+                param, value = line.split('=')
+                config[param.strip()] = value.strip()
+        return cls(**config)
+
+    def read_weights(self, cfg):
+        with open(cfg) as fp:
+            for line in fp:
+                fname, value = line.split()
+                self.weights[fname.strip()] = float(value)
+
+    def translate(self, unicode sentence, grammar=None):
+        if grammar:
+            self.dec.SetSentenceGrammarFromString(string(<char *> grammar))
+        #sgml = '<seg grammar="%s">%s</seg>' % (grammar, sentence.encode('utf8'))
+        sgml = sentence.strip().encode('utf8')
+        cdef decoder.BasicObserver observer = decoder.BasicObserver()
+        self.dec.Decode(string(<char *>sgml), &observer)
+        if observer.hypergraph == NULL:
+            raise ParseFailed()
+        cdef Hypergraph hg = Hypergraph()
+        hg.hg = new hypergraph.Hypergraph(observer.hypergraph[0])
+        return hg
+    
+cdef class Hypergraph:
+    cdef hypergraph.Hypergraph* hg
+
+    def viterbi(self):
+        assert (self.hg != NULL)
+        cdef vector[WordID] trans
+        hypergraph.ViterbiESentence(self.hg[0], &trans)
+        cdef str sentence = GetString(trans).c_str()
+        return sentence.decode('utf8')
+
+"""
+def params_str(params):
+    return '\n'.join('%s=%s' % (param, value) for param, value in params.iteritems())
+
+cdef istringstream* ConfigStream(dict params):
+    ini = params_str(params)
+    return new istringstream(<char *> ini)
+"""
diff --git a/python/src/decoder.pxd b/python/src/decoder.pxd
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ab858841
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/src/decoder.pxd
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+from libcpp.string cimport string
+from libcpp.vector cimport vector
+from hypergraph cimport Hypergraph
+from utils cimport istream, weight_t
+
+cdef extern from "decoder/ff_register.h":
+    cdef void register_feature_functions()
+
+cdef extern from "decoder/decoder.h":
+    cdef cppclass SentenceMetadata:
+        pass
+
+    cdef cppclass DecoderObserver:
+        DecoderObserver()
+
+    cdef cppclass Decoder:
+        Decoder(int argc, char** argv)
+        Decoder(istream* config_file)
+        bint Decode(string input, DecoderObserver* observer)
+
+        # access this to either *read* or *write* to the decoder's last
+        # weight vector (i.e., the weights of the finest past)
+        vector[weight_t]& CurrentWeightVector()
+
+        void SetId(int id)
+        #const boost::program_options::variables_map& GetConf() const { return conf }
+
+        # add grammar rules (currently only supported by SCFG decoders)
+        # that will be used on subsequent calls to Decode. rules should be in standard
+        # text format. This function does NOT read from a file.
+        void SetSupplementalGrammar(string grammar)
+        void SetSentenceGrammarFromString(string grammar_str)
+
+cdef extern from "observer.h":
+    cdef cppclass BasicObserver(DecoderObserver):
+        Hypergraph* hypergraph
+        BasicObserver()
diff --git a/python/src/hypergraph.pxd b/python/src/hypergraph.pxd
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..05977fa8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/src/hypergraph.pxd
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+from libcpp.string cimport string
+from libcpp.vector cimport vector
+from utils cimport WordID
+
+cdef extern from "decoder/hg.h":
+    cdef cppclass Hypergraph:
+        Hypergraph(Hypergraph)
+
+cdef extern from "decoder/viterbi.h":
+    cdef string ViterbiESentence(Hypergraph hg, vector[WordID]* trans)
diff --git a/python/src/observer.h b/python/src/observer.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d398f2f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/src/observer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#include "decoder/hg.h"
+#include "decoder/decoder.h"
+#include <iostream>
+
+struct BasicObserver: public DecoderObserver {
+    Hypergraph* hypergraph;
+    BasicObserver() : hypergraph(NULL) {}
+    ~BasicObserver() {
+        if(hypergraph != NULL) delete hypergraph;
+    }
+    void NotifyDecodingStart(const SentenceMetadata& smeta) {}
+    void NotifySourceParseFailure(const SentenceMetadata& smeta) {}
+    void NotifyTranslationForest(const SentenceMetadata& smeta, Hypergraph* hg) {
+        if(hypergraph != NULL) delete hypergraph;
+        hypergraph = new Hypergraph(*hg);
+    }
+    void NotifyAlignmentFailure(const SentenceMetadata& semta) {
+        if(hypergraph != NULL) delete hypergraph;
+    }
+    void NotifyAlignmentForest(const SentenceMetadata& smeta, Hypergraph* hg) {}
+    void NotifyDecodingComplete(const SentenceMetadata& smeta) {}
+};
diff --git a/python/src/utils.pxd b/python/src/utils.pxd
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ae38948e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/src/utils.pxd
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+from libcpp.string cimport string
+from libcpp.vector cimport vector
+
+cdef extern from "<iostream>" namespace "std":
+    cdef cppclass istream:
+        pass
+    cdef cppclass istringstream(istream):
+        istringstream(char*)
+
+cdef extern from "utils/filelib.h":
+    cdef cppclass ReadFile:
+        ReadFile(string)
+        istream* stream()
+
+cdef extern from "utils/weights.h":
+    ctypedef double weight_t
+
+cdef extern from "utils/wordid.h":
+    ctypedef int WordID
+
+cdef extern from "utils/tdict.cc" namespace "TD":
+    cdef string GetString(vector[WordID] st)
+
+cdef extern from "utils/verbose.h":
+    cdef void SetSilent(bint)
+
+cdef extern from "utils/fdict.h" namespace "FD":
+    WordID Convert(char*)
+    string& Convert(WordID)
diff --git a/python/test.py b/python/test.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..df5ce64d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#coding: utf8
+import cdec
+import gzip
+
+config = 'formalism=scfg'
+weights = '../tests/system_tests/australia/weights'
+grammar_file = '../tests/system_tests/australia/australia.scfg.gz'
+
+decoder = cdec.Decoder(config)
+decoder.read_weights(weights)
+print dict(decoder.weights)
+with gzip.open(grammar_file) as f:
+    grammar = f.read()
+sentence = u'澳洲 是 与 北韩 有 邦交 的 少数 国家 之一 。'
+print 'Input:', sentence
+forest = decoder.translate(sentence, grammar=grammar)
+print 'Output:', forest.viterbi().encode('utf8')