Give in and copy bjam into cdec source code

1 files changed, 2310 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/jam-files/engine/builtins.c b/jam-files/engine/builtins.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b28a484e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jam-files/engine/builtins.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2310 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 1993-2002 Christopher Seiwald and Perforce Software, Inc.
+ *
+ * This file is part of Jam - see jam.c for Copyright information.
+ */
+
+#include "jam.h"
+
+#include "lists.h"
+#include "parse.h"
+#include "builtins.h"
+#include "rules.h"
+#include "filesys.h"
+#include "newstr.h"
+#include "regexp.h"
+#include "frames.h"
+#include "hash.h"
+#include "strings.h"
+#include "pwd.h"
+#include "pathsys.h"
+#include "make.h"
+#include "hdrmacro.h"
+#include "compile.h"
+#include "native.h"
+#include "variable.h"
+#include "timestamp.h"
+#include "md5.h"
+#include <ctype.h>
+
+#if defined(USE_EXECUNIX)
+# include <sys/types.h>
+# include <sys/wait.h>
+#else
+/*
+  NT does not have wait() and associated macros, it uses the return value
+  of system() instead. Status code group are documented at
+  http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-gb/library/ff565436.aspx
+*/
+# define WIFEXITED(w)  (((w) & 0XFFFFFF00) == 0)
+# define WEXITSTATUS(w)(w)
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * builtins.c - builtin jam rules
+ *
+ * External routines:
+ *
+ *  load_builtin() - define builtin rules
+ *
+ * Internal routines:
+ *
+ *  builtin_depends() - DEPENDS/INCLUDES rule.
+ *  builtin_echo() - ECHO rule.
+ *  builtin_exit() - EXIT rule.
+ *  builtin_flags() - NOCARE, NOTFILE, TEMPORARY rule.
+ *  builtin_glob() - GLOB rule.
+ *  builtin_match() - MATCH rule.
+ *
+ * 01/10/01 (seiwald) - split from compile.c
+ */
+
+
+/*
+ * compile_builtin() - define builtin rules
+ */
+
+#define P0 (PARSE *)0
+#define C0 (char *)0
+
+#if defined( OS_NT ) || defined( OS_CYGWIN )
+    LIST * builtin_system_registry      ( PARSE *, FRAME * );
+    LIST * builtin_system_registry_names( PARSE *, FRAME * );
+#endif
+
+int glob( char * s, char * c );
+
+void backtrace        ( FRAME * );
+void backtrace_line   ( FRAME * );
+void print_source_line( PARSE * );
+
+
+RULE * bind_builtin( char * name, LIST * (* f)( PARSE *, FRAME * ), int flags, char * * args )
+{
+    argument_list* arg_list = 0;
+
+    if ( args )
+    {
+        arg_list = args_new();
+        lol_build( arg_list->data, args );
+    }
+
+    return new_rule_body( root_module(), name, arg_list,
+                          parse_make( f, P0, P0, P0, C0, C0, flags ), 1 );
+}
+
+
+RULE * duplicate_rule( char * name, RULE * other )
+{
+    return import_rule( other, root_module(), name );
+}
+
+
+void load_builtins()
+{
+    duplicate_rule( "Always",
+      bind_builtin( "ALWAYS",
+                    builtin_flags, T_FLAG_TOUCHED, 0 ) );
+
+    duplicate_rule( "Depends",
+      bind_builtin( "DEPENDS",
+                    builtin_depends, 0, 0 ) );
+
+    duplicate_rule( "echo",
+    duplicate_rule( "Echo",
+      bind_builtin( "ECHO",
+                    builtin_echo, 0, 0 ) ) );
+
+    {
+        char * args[] = { "message", "*", ":", "result-value", "?", 0 };
+        duplicate_rule( "exit",
+        duplicate_rule( "Exit",
+          bind_builtin( "EXIT",
+                        builtin_exit, 0, args ) ) );
+    }
+
+    {
+        char * args[] = { "directories", "*", ":", "patterns", "*", ":", "case-insensitive", "?", 0 };
+        duplicate_rule( "Glob",
+                        bind_builtin( "GLOB", builtin_glob, 0, args ) );
+    }
+
+    {
+        char * args[] = { "patterns", "*", 0 };
+        bind_builtin( "GLOB-RECURSIVELY",
+                      builtin_glob_recursive, 0, args );
+    }
+
+    duplicate_rule( "Includes",
+      bind_builtin( "INCLUDES",
+                    builtin_depends, 1, 0 ) );
+
+    {
+        char * args[] = { "targets", "*", ":", "targets-to-rebuild", "*", 0 };
+        bind_builtin( "REBUILDS",
+                      builtin_rebuilds, 0, args );
+    }
+
+    duplicate_rule( "Leaves",
+      bind_builtin( "LEAVES",
+                    builtin_flags, T_FLAG_LEAVES, 0 ) );
+
+    duplicate_rule( "Match",
+      bind_builtin( "MATCH",
+                    builtin_match, 0, 0 ) );
+
+    {
+        char * args[] = { "string", ":", "delimiters" };
+        bind_builtin( "SPLIT_BY_CHARACTERS", 
+                      builtin_split_by_characters, 0, 0 );
+    }
+
+    duplicate_rule( "NoCare",
+      bind_builtin( "NOCARE",
+                    builtin_flags, T_FLAG_NOCARE, 0 ) );
+
+    duplicate_rule( "NOTIME",
+    duplicate_rule( "NotFile",
+      bind_builtin( "NOTFILE",
+                    builtin_flags, T_FLAG_NOTFILE, 0 ) ) );
+
+    duplicate_rule( "NoUpdate",
+      bind_builtin( "NOUPDATE",
+                    builtin_flags, T_FLAG_NOUPDATE, 0 ) );
+
+    duplicate_rule( "Temporary",
+      bind_builtin( "TEMPORARY",
+                    builtin_flags, T_FLAG_TEMP, 0 ) );
+
+      bind_builtin( "ISFILE",
+                    builtin_flags, T_FLAG_ISFILE, 0 );
+
+    duplicate_rule( "HdrMacro",
+      bind_builtin( "HDRMACRO",
+                    builtin_hdrmacro, 0, 0 ) );
+
+    /* FAIL_EXPECTED is used to indicate that the result of a target build
+     * action should be inverted (ok <=> fail) this can be useful when
+     * performing test runs from Jamfiles.
+     */
+      bind_builtin( "FAIL_EXPECTED",
+                    builtin_flags, T_FLAG_FAIL_EXPECTED, 0 );
+
+      bind_builtin( "RMOLD",
+                    builtin_flags, T_FLAG_RMOLD, 0 );
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "targets", "*", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "UPDATE",
+                        builtin_update, 0, args );
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "targets", "*", 
+                            ":", "log", "?",
+                            ":", "ignore-minus-n", "?", 
+                            ":", "ignore-minus-q", "?", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "UPDATE_NOW",
+                        builtin_update_now, 0, args );
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "string", "pattern", "replacements", "+", 0 };
+          duplicate_rule( "subst",
+            bind_builtin( "SUBST",
+                          builtin_subst, 0, args ) );
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "module", "?", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "RULENAMES",
+                         builtin_rulenames, 0, args );
+      }
+
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "module", "?", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "VARNAMES",
+                         builtin_varnames, 0, args );
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "module", "?", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "DELETE_MODULE",
+                         builtin_delete_module, 0, args );
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "source_module", "?",
+                            ":", "source_rules", "*",
+                            ":", "target_module", "?",
+                            ":", "target_rules", "*",
+                            ":", "localize", "?", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "IMPORT",
+                        builtin_import, 0, args );
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "module", "?", ":", "rules", "*", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "EXPORT",
+                        builtin_export, 0, args );
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "levels", "?", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "CALLER_MODULE",
+                         builtin_caller_module, 0, args );
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "levels", "?", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "BACKTRACE",
+                        builtin_backtrace, 0, args );
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "PWD",
+                        builtin_pwd, 0, args );
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "target", "*", ":", "path", "*", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "SEARCH_FOR_TARGET",
+                        builtin_search_for_target, 0, args );
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "modules_to_import", "+", ":", "target_module", "?", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "IMPORT_MODULE",
+                        builtin_import_module, 0, args );
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "module", "?", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "IMPORTED_MODULES",
+                        builtin_imported_modules, 0, args );
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "instance_module", ":", "class_module", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "INSTANCE",
+                        builtin_instance, 0, args );
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "sequence", "*", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "SORT",
+                        builtin_sort, 0, args );
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "path_parts", "*", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "NORMALIZE_PATH",
+                        builtin_normalize_path, 0, args );
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "args", "*", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "CALC",
+                        builtin_calc, 0, args );
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "module", ":", "rule", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "NATIVE_RULE",
+                        builtin_native_rule, 0, args );
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "module", ":", "rule", ":", "version", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "HAS_NATIVE_RULE",
+                        builtin_has_native_rule, 0, args );
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "module", "*", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "USER_MODULE",
+                        builtin_user_module, 0, args );
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "NEAREST_USER_LOCATION",
+                        builtin_nearest_user_location, 0, args );
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "file", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "CHECK_IF_FILE",
+                        builtin_check_if_file, 0, args );
+      }
+
+#ifdef HAVE_PYTHON
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "python-module", ":", "function", ":",
+                            "jam-module", ":", "rule-name", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "PYTHON_IMPORT_RULE",
+                        builtin_python_import_rule, 0, args );
+      }
+#endif
+
+# if defined( OS_NT ) || defined( OS_CYGWIN )
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "key_path", ":", "data", "?", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "W32_GETREG",
+                        builtin_system_registry, 0, args );
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "key_path", ":", "result-type", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "W32_GETREGNAMES",
+                        builtin_system_registry_names, 0, args );
+      }
+# endif
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "command", ":", "*", 0 };
+          duplicate_rule( "SHELL",
+            bind_builtin( "COMMAND",
+                          builtin_shell, 0, args ) );
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "string", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "MD5",
+                        builtin_md5, 0, args ) ;
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "name", ":", "mode", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "FILE_OPEN",
+                        builtin_file_open, 0, args );
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "string", ":", "width", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "PAD",
+                        builtin_pad, 0, args );
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args[] = { "targets", "*", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "PRECIOUS",
+                        builtin_precious, 0, args );
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args [] = { 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "SELF_PATH", builtin_self_path, 0, args );
+      }
+
+      {
+          char * args [] = { "path", 0 };
+          bind_builtin( "MAKEDIR", builtin_makedir, 0, args );
+      }
+
+      /* Initialize builtin modules. */
+      init_set();
+      init_path();
+      init_regex();
+      init_property_set();
+      init_sequence();
+      init_order();
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * builtin_calc() - CALC rule.
+ *
+ * The CALC rule performs simple mathematical operations on two arguments.
+ */
+
+LIST * builtin_calc( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST * arg = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+
+    LIST * result = 0;
+    long lhs_value;
+    long rhs_value;
+    long result_value;
+    char buffer [ 16 ];
+    char const * lhs;
+    char const * op;
+    char const * rhs;
+
+    if ( arg == 0 ) return L0;
+    lhs = arg->string;
+
+    arg = list_next( arg );
+    if ( arg == 0 ) return L0;
+    op = arg->string;
+
+    arg = list_next( arg );
+    if ( arg == 0 ) return L0;
+    rhs = arg->string;
+
+    lhs_value = atoi( lhs );
+    rhs_value = atoi( rhs );
+
+    if ( strcmp( "+", op ) == 0 )
+    {
+        result_value = lhs_value + rhs_value;
+    }
+    else if ( strcmp( "-", op ) == 0 )
+    {
+        result_value = lhs_value - rhs_value;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return L0;
+    }
+
+    sprintf( buffer, "%ld", result_value );
+    result = list_new( result, newstr( buffer ) );
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * builtin_depends() - DEPENDS/INCLUDES rule.
+ *
+ * The DEPENDS/INCLUDES builtin rule appends each of the listed sources on the
+ * dependency/includes list of each of the listed targets. It binds both the
+ * targets and sources as TARGETs.
+ */
+
+LIST * builtin_depends( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST * targets = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+    LIST * sources = lol_get( frame->args, 1 );
+    LIST * l;
+
+    for ( l = targets; l; l = list_next( l ) )
+    {
+        TARGET * t = bindtarget( l->string );
+
+        /* If doing INCLUDES, switch to the TARGET's include */
+        /* TARGET, creating it if needed.  The internal include */
+        /* TARGET shares the name of its parent. */
+
+        if ( parse->num )
+        {
+            if ( !t->includes )
+            {
+                t->includes = copytarget( t );
+                t->includes->original_target = t;
+            }
+            t = t->includes;
+        }
+
+        t->depends = targetlist( t->depends, sources );
+    }
+
+    /* Enter reverse links */
+    for ( l = sources; l; l = list_next( l ) )
+    {
+        TARGET * s = bindtarget( l->string );
+        s->dependants = targetlist( s->dependants, targets );
+    }
+
+    return L0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * builtin_rebuilds() - REBUILDS rule.
+ *
+ * The REBUILDS builtin rule appends each of the listed rebuild-targets in its
+ * 2nd argument on the rebuilds list of each of the listed targets in its first
+ * argument.
+ */
+
+LIST * builtin_rebuilds( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST * targets = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+    LIST * rebuilds = lol_get( frame->args, 1 );
+    LIST * l;
+
+    for ( l = targets; l; l = list_next( l ) )
+    {
+        TARGET * t = bindtarget( l->string );
+        t->rebuilds = targetlist( t->rebuilds, rebuilds );
+    }
+
+    return L0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * builtin_echo() - ECHO rule.
+ *
+ * The ECHO builtin rule echoes the targets to the user. No other actions are
+ * taken.
+ */
+
+LIST * builtin_echo( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    list_print( lol_get( frame->args, 0 ) );
+    printf( "\n" );
+    fflush( stdout );
+    return L0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * builtin_exit() - EXIT rule.
+ *
+ * The EXIT builtin rule echoes the targets to the user and exits the program
+ * with a failure status.
+ */
+
+LIST * builtin_exit( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    list_print( lol_get( frame->args, 0 ) );
+    printf( "\n" );
+    if ( lol_get( frame->args, 1 ) )
+    {
+        exit( atoi( lol_get( frame->args, 1 )->string ) );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        exit( EXITBAD );  /* yeech */
+    }
+    return L0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * builtin_flags() - NOCARE, NOTFILE, TEMPORARY rule.
+ *
+ * Builtin_flags() marks the target with the appropriate flag, for use by make0().
+ * It binds each target as a TARGET.
+ */
+
+LIST * builtin_flags( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST * l = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+    for ( ; l; l = list_next( l ) )
+        bindtarget( l->string )->flags |= parse->num;
+    return L0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * builtin_globbing() - GLOB rule.
+ */
+
+struct globbing
+{
+    LIST * patterns;
+    LIST * results;
+    LIST * case_insensitive;
+};
+
+
+static void downcase_inplace( char * p )
+{
+    for ( ; *p; ++p )
+        *p = tolower( *p );
+}
+
+
+static void builtin_glob_back
+(
+    void * closure,
+    char * file,
+    int    status,
+    time_t time
+)
+{
+    PROFILE_ENTER( BUILTIN_GLOB_BACK );
+
+    struct globbing * globbing = (struct globbing *)closure;
+    LIST            * l;
+    PATHNAME          f;
+    string            buf[ 1 ];
+
+    /* Null out directory for matching. We wish we had file_dirscan() pass up a
+     * PATHNAME.
+     */
+    path_parse( file, &f );
+    f.f_dir.len = 0;
+
+    /* For globbing, we unconditionally ignore current and parent directory
+     * items. Since they items always exist, there is no reason why caller of
+     * GLOB would want to see them. We could also change file_dirscan(), but
+     * then paths with embedded "." and ".." would not work anywhere.
+    */
+    if ( !strcmp( f.f_base.ptr, "." ) || !strcmp( f.f_base.ptr, ".." ) )
+    {
+        PROFILE_EXIT( BUILTIN_GLOB_BACK );
+        return;
+    }
+
+    string_new( buf );
+    path_build( &f, buf, 0 );
+
+    if ( globbing->case_insensitive )
+        downcase_inplace( buf->value );
+
+    for ( l = globbing->patterns; l; l = l->next )
+    {
+        if ( !glob( l->string, buf->value ) )
+        {
+            globbing->results = list_new( globbing->results, newstr( file ) );
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    string_free( buf );
+
+    PROFILE_EXIT( BUILTIN_GLOB_BACK );
+}
+
+
+static LIST * downcase_list( LIST * in )
+{
+    LIST * result = 0;
+
+    string s[ 1 ];
+    string_new( s );
+
+    while ( in )
+    {
+        string_copy( s, in->string );
+        downcase_inplace( s->value );
+        result = list_append( result, list_new( 0, newstr( s->value ) ) );
+        in = in->next;
+    }
+
+    string_free( s );
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+LIST * builtin_glob( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST * l = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+    LIST * r = lol_get( frame->args, 1 );
+
+    struct globbing globbing;
+
+    globbing.results = L0;
+    globbing.patterns = r;
+
+    globbing.case_insensitive
+# if defined( OS_NT ) || defined( OS_CYGWIN )
+       = l;  /* Always case-insensitive if any files can be found. */
+# else
+       = lol_get( frame->args, 2 );
+# endif
+
+    if ( globbing.case_insensitive )
+        globbing.patterns = downcase_list( r );
+
+    for ( ; l; l = list_next( l ) )
+        file_dirscan( l->string, builtin_glob_back, &globbing );
+
+    if ( globbing.case_insensitive )
+        list_free( globbing.patterns );
+
+    return globbing.results;
+}
+
+
+static int has_wildcards( char const * str )
+{
+    size_t const index = strcspn( str, "[]*?" );
+    return str[ index ] == '\0' ? 0 : 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * If 'file' exists, append 'file' to 'list'. Returns 'list'.
+ */
+
+static LIST * append_if_exists( LIST * list, char * file )
+{
+    time_t time;
+    timestamp( file, &time );
+    return time > 0
+        ? list_new( list, newstr( file ) )
+        : list;
+}
+
+
+LIST * glob1( char * dirname, char * pattern )
+{
+    LIST * plist = list_new( L0, pattern );
+    struct globbing globbing;
+
+    globbing.results = L0;
+    globbing.patterns = plist;
+
+    globbing.case_insensitive
+# if defined( OS_NT ) || defined( OS_CYGWIN )
+       = plist;  /* always case-insensitive if any files can be found */
+# else
+       = L0;
+# endif
+
+    if ( globbing.case_insensitive )
+        globbing.patterns = downcase_list( plist );
+
+    file_dirscan( dirname, builtin_glob_back, &globbing );
+
+    if ( globbing.case_insensitive )
+        list_free( globbing.patterns );
+
+    list_free( plist );
+
+    return globbing.results;
+}
+
+
+LIST * glob_recursive( char * pattern )
+{
+    LIST * result = L0;
+
+    /* Check if there's metacharacters in pattern */
+    if ( !has_wildcards( pattern ) )
+    {
+        /* No metacharacters. Check if the path exists. */
+        result = append_if_exists(result, pattern);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        /* Have metacharacters in the pattern. Split into dir/name. */
+        PATHNAME path[ 1 ];
+        path_parse( pattern, path );
+
+        if ( path->f_dir.ptr )
+        {
+            LIST * dirs = L0;
+            string dirname[ 1 ];
+            string basename[ 1 ];
+            string_new( dirname );
+            string_new( basename );
+
+            string_append_range( dirname, path->f_dir.ptr,
+                                path->f_dir.ptr + path->f_dir.len );
+
+            path->f_grist.ptr = 0;
+            path->f_grist.len = 0;
+            path->f_dir.ptr = 0;
+            path->f_dir.len = 0;
+            path_build( path, basename, 0 );
+
+            dirs =  has_wildcards( dirname->value )
+                ? glob_recursive( dirname->value )
+                : list_new( dirs, dirname->value );
+
+            if ( has_wildcards( basename->value ) )
+            {
+                for ( ; dirs; dirs = dirs->next )
+                    result = list_append( result, glob1( dirs->string,
+                        basename->value ) );
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                string file_string[ 1 ];
+                string_new( file_string );
+
+                /* No wildcard in basename. */
+                for ( ; dirs; dirs = dirs->next )
+                {
+                    path->f_dir.ptr = dirs->string;
+                    path->f_dir.len = strlen( dirs->string );
+                    path_build( path, file_string, 0 );
+
+                    result = append_if_exists( result, file_string->value );
+
+                    string_truncate( file_string, 0 );
+                }
+
+                string_free( file_string );
+            }
+
+            string_free( dirname );
+            string_free( basename );
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            /** No directory, just a pattern. */
+            result = list_append( result, glob1( ".", pattern ) );
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+LIST * builtin_glob_recursive( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST * result = L0;
+    LIST * l = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+    for ( ; l; l = l->next )
+        result = list_append( result, glob_recursive( l->string ) );
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * builtin_match() - MATCH rule, regexp matching.
+ */
+
+LIST * builtin_match( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST * l;
+    LIST * r;
+    LIST * result = 0;
+
+    string buf[ 1 ];
+    string_new( buf );
+
+    /* For each pattern */
+
+    for ( l = lol_get( frame->args, 0 ); l; l = l->next )
+    {
+        /* Result is cached and intentionally never freed. */
+        regexp * re = regex_compile( l->string );
+
+        /* For each string to match against. */
+        for ( r = lol_get( frame->args, 1 ); r; r = r->next )
+        {
+            if ( regexec( re, r->string ) )
+            {
+                int i;
+                int top;
+
+                /* Find highest parameter */
+
+                for ( top = NSUBEXP; top-- > 1; )
+                    if ( re->startp[ top ] )
+                        break;
+
+                /* And add all parameters up to highest onto list. */
+                /* Must have parameters to have results! */
+                for ( i = 1; i <= top; ++i )
+                {
+                    string_append_range( buf, re->startp[ i ], re->endp[ i ] );
+                    result = list_new( result, newstr( buf->value ) );
+                    string_truncate( buf, 0 );
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    string_free( buf );
+    return result;
+}
+
+LIST * builtin_split_by_characters( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST * l1 = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+    LIST * l2 = lol_get( frame->args, 1 );
+
+    LIST * result = 0;
+
+    char* s = strdup (l1->string);
+    char* delimiters = l2->string;
+    char* t;
+
+    t = strtok (s, delimiters);
+    while (t)
+    {
+        result = list_new(result, newstr(t));
+        t = strtok (NULL, delimiters);
+    }
+
+    free (s);
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+LIST * builtin_hdrmacro( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+  LIST * l = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+
+  for ( ; l; l = list_next( l ) )
+  {
+    TARGET * t = bindtarget( l->string );
+
+    /* Scan file for header filename macro definitions. */
+    if ( DEBUG_HEADER )
+        printf( "scanning '%s' for header file macro definitions\n",
+            l->string );
+
+    macro_headers( t );
+  }
+
+  return L0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * builtin_rulenames() - RULENAMES ( MODULE ? ).
+ *
+ * Returns a list of the non-local rule names in the given MODULE. If MODULE is
+ * not supplied, returns the list of rule names in the global module.
+ */
+
+static void add_rule_name( void * r_, void * result_ )
+{
+    RULE * r = (RULE *)r_;
+    LIST * * result = (LIST * *)result_;
+    if ( r->exported )
+        *result = list_new( *result, copystr( r->name ) );
+}
+
+
+LIST * builtin_rulenames( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST * arg0 = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+    LIST * result = L0;
+    module_t * source_module = bindmodule( arg0 ? arg0->string : 0 );
+
+    if ( source_module->rules )
+        hashenumerate( source_module->rules, add_rule_name, &result );
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * builtin_varnames() - VARNAMES ( MODULE ? ).
+ *
+ * Returns a list of the variable names in the given MODULE. If MODULE is not
+ * supplied, returns the list of variable names in the global module.
+ */
+
+/* helper function for builtin_varnames(), below. Used with hashenumerate, will
+ * prepend the key of each element to the list
+ */
+static void add_hash_key( void * np, void * result_ )
+{
+    LIST * * result = (LIST * *)result_;
+    *result = list_new( *result, copystr( *(char * *)np ) );
+}
+
+
+static struct hash * get_running_module_vars()
+{
+    struct hash * dummy;
+    struct hash * vars = NULL;
+    /* Get the global variables pointer (that of the currently running module).
+     */
+    var_hash_swap( &vars );
+    dummy = vars;
+    /* Put the global variables pointer in its right place. */
+    var_hash_swap( &dummy );
+    return vars;
+}
+
+
+LIST * builtin_varnames( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST * arg0 = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+    LIST * result = L0;
+    module_t * source_module = bindmodule( arg0 ? arg0->string : 0 );
+
+    /* The running module _always_ has its 'variables' member set to NULL due to
+     * the way enter_module() and var_hash_swap() work.
+     */
+    struct hash * vars = source_module == frame->module
+        ? get_running_module_vars()
+        : source_module->variables;
+
+    if ( vars )
+        hashenumerate( vars, add_hash_key, &result );
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * builtin_delete_module() - MODULE ?.
+ *
+ * Clears all rules and variables from the given module.
+ */
+
+LIST * builtin_delete_module( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST     * arg0 = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+    LIST     * result = L0;
+    module_t * source_module = bindmodule( arg0 ? arg0->string : 0 );
+    delete_module( source_module );
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static void unknown_rule( FRAME * frame, char * key, char * module_name, char * rule_name )
+{
+    backtrace_line( frame->prev );
+    printf( "%s error: rule \"%s\" unknown in module \"%s\"\n", key, rule_name, module_name );
+    backtrace( frame->prev );
+    exit( 1 );
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * builtin_import() - IMPORT
+ * (
+ *     SOURCE_MODULE ? :
+ *     SOURCE_RULES  * :
+ *     TARGET_MODULE ? :
+ *     TARGET_RULES  * :
+ *     LOCALIZE      ?
+ * )
+ *
+ * The IMPORT rule imports rules from the SOURCE_MODULE into the TARGET_MODULE
+ * as local rules. If either SOURCE_MODULE or TARGET_MODULE is not supplied, it
+ * refers to the global module. SOURCE_RULES specifies which rules from the
+ * SOURCE_MODULE to import; TARGET_RULES specifies the names to give those rules
+ * in TARGET_MODULE. If SOURCE_RULES contains a name which doesn't correspond to
+ * a rule in SOURCE_MODULE, or if it contains a different number of items than
+ * TARGET_RULES, an error is issued. If LOCALIZE is specified, the rules will be
+ * executed in TARGET_MODULE, with corresponding access to its module local
+ * variables.
+ */
+
+LIST * builtin_import( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST * source_module_list = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+    LIST * source_rules       = lol_get( frame->args, 1 );
+    LIST * target_module_list = lol_get( frame->args, 2 );
+    LIST * target_rules       = lol_get( frame->args, 3 );
+    LIST * localize           = lol_get( frame->args, 4 );
+
+    module_t * target_module =
+        bindmodule( target_module_list ? target_module_list->string : 0 );
+    module_t * source_module =
+        bindmodule( source_module_list ? source_module_list->string : 0 );
+
+    LIST * source_name;
+    LIST * target_name;
+
+    for ( source_name = source_rules, target_name = target_rules;
+          source_name && target_name;
+          source_name = list_next( source_name ),
+          target_name = list_next( target_name ) )
+    {
+        RULE   r_;
+        RULE * r = &r_;
+        RULE * imported;
+        r_.name = source_name->string;
+
+        if ( !source_module->rules ||
+            !hashcheck( source_module->rules, (HASHDATA * *)&r ) )
+            unknown_rule( frame, "IMPORT", source_module->name, r_.name );
+
+        imported = import_rule( r, target_module, target_name->string );
+        if ( localize )
+            imported->module = target_module;
+        /* This rule is really part of some other module. Just refer to it here,
+         * but do not let it out.
+         */
+        imported->exported = 0;
+    }
+
+    if ( source_name || target_name )
+    {
+        backtrace_line( frame->prev );
+        printf( "import error: length of source and target rule name lists don't match!\n" );
+        printf( "    source: " );
+        list_print( source_rules );
+        printf( "\n    target: " );
+        list_print( target_rules );
+        printf( "\n" );
+        backtrace( frame->prev );
+        exit( 1 );
+    }
+
+    return L0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * builtin_export() - EXPORT ( MODULE ? : RULES * ).
+ *
+ * The EXPORT rule marks RULES from the SOURCE_MODULE as non-local (and thus
+ * exportable). If an element of RULES does not name a rule in MODULE, an error
+ * is issued.
+ */
+
+LIST * builtin_export( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST     * module_list = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+    LIST     * rules       = lol_get( frame->args, 1 );
+    module_t * m           = bindmodule( module_list ? module_list->string : 0 );
+
+    for ( ; rules; rules = list_next( rules ) )
+    {
+        RULE   r_;
+        RULE * r = &r_;
+        r_.name = rules->string;
+
+        if ( !m->rules || !hashcheck( m->rules, (HASHDATA * *)&r ) )
+            unknown_rule( frame, "EXPORT", m->name, r_.name );
+
+        r->exported = 1;
+    }
+    return L0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * get_source_line() - Retrieve the file and line number that should be
+ * indicated for a given procedure in debug output or an error backtrace.
+ */
+
+static void get_source_line( PARSE * procedure, char * * file, int * line )
+{
+    if ( procedure )
+    {
+        char * f = procedure->file;
+        int    l = procedure->line;
+        if ( !strcmp( f, "+" ) )
+        {
+            f = "jambase.c";
+            l += 3;
+        }
+        *file = f;
+        *line = l;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        *file = "(builtin)";
+        *line = -1;
+    }
+}
+
+
+void print_source_line( PARSE * p )
+{
+    char * file;
+    int    line;
+
+    get_source_line( p, &file, &line );
+    if ( line < 0 )
+        printf( "(builtin):" );
+    else
+        printf( "%s:%d:", file, line );
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * backtrace_line() - print a single line of error backtrace for the given
+ * frame.
+ */
+
+void backtrace_line( FRAME * frame )
+{
+    if ( frame == 0 )
+    {
+        printf( "(no frame):" );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        print_source_line( frame->procedure );
+        printf( " in %s\n", frame->rulename );
+    }
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * backtrace() - Print the entire backtrace from the given frame to the Jambase
+ * which invoked it.
+ */
+
+void backtrace( FRAME * frame )
+{
+    if ( !frame ) return;
+    while ( ( frame = frame->prev ) )
+        backtrace_line( frame );
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * builtin_backtrace() - A Jam version of the backtrace function, taking no
+ * arguments and returning a list of quadruples: FILENAME LINE MODULE. RULENAME
+ * describing each frame. Note that the module-name is always followed by a
+ * period.
+ */
+
+LIST * builtin_backtrace( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST * levels_arg = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+    int levels = levels_arg ? atoi( levels_arg->string ) : ( (unsigned int)(-1) >> 1 ) ;
+
+    LIST * result = L0;
+    for ( ; ( frame = frame->prev ) && levels ; --levels )
+    {
+        char * file;
+        int    line;
+        char   buf[32];
+        get_source_line( frame->procedure, &file, &line );
+        sprintf( buf, "%d", line );
+        result = list_new( result, newstr( file ) );
+        result = list_new( result, newstr( buf ) );
+        result = list_new( result, newstr( frame->module->name ) );
+        result = list_new( result, newstr( frame->rulename ) );
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * builtin_caller_module() - CALLER_MODULE ( levels ? )
+ *
+ * If levels is not supplied, returns the name of the module of the rule which
+ * called the one calling this one. If levels is supplied, it is interpreted as
+ * an integer specifying a number of additional levels of call stack to traverse
+ * in order to locate the module in question. If no such module exists, returns
+ * the empty list. Also returns the empty list when the module in question is
+ * the global module. This rule is needed for implementing module import
+ * behavior.
+ */
+
+LIST * builtin_caller_module( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST * levels_arg = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+    int levels = levels_arg ? atoi( levels_arg->string ) : 0 ;
+
+    int i;
+    for ( i = 0; ( i < levels + 2 ) && frame->prev; ++i )
+        frame = frame->prev;
+
+    if ( frame->module == root_module() )
+        return L0;
+
+    {
+        LIST * result;
+        string name;
+        string_copy( &name, frame->module->name );
+        string_pop_back( &name );
+        result = list_new( L0, newstr(name.value) );
+        string_free( &name );
+        return result;
+    }
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Return the current working directory.
+ *
+ * Usage: pwd = [ PWD ] ;
+ */
+
+LIST * builtin_pwd( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    return pwd();
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Adds targets to the list of target that jam will attempt to update.
+ */
+
+LIST * builtin_update( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST * result = list_copy( L0, targets_to_update() );
+    LIST * arg1 = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+    clear_targets_to_update();
+    for ( ; arg1; arg1 = list_next( arg1 ) )
+        mark_target_for_updating( newstr( arg1->string ) );
+    return result;
+}
+
+extern int anyhow;
+int last_update_now_status;
+
+/* Takes a list of target names as first argument, and immediately
+   updates them.
+   Second parameter, if specified, if the descriptor (converted to a string)
+   of a log file where all build output is redirected.
+   Third parameter, if non-empty, specifies that the -n option should have
+   no effect -- that is, all out-of-date targets should be rebuild.
+*/
+LIST * builtin_update_now( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST * targets = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+    LIST * log = lol_get( frame->args, 1 );
+    LIST * force = lol_get (frame->args, 2);
+    LIST * continue_ = lol_get(frame->args, 3);
+    int status = 0;
+    int original_stdout;
+    int original_stderr;
+    int n;
+    int targets_count;
+    const char** targets2;
+    int i;
+    int original_noexec;
+    int original_quitquick;
+	
+
+    if (log)
+    {
+        int fd = atoi(log->string);
+        /* Redirect stdout and stderr, temporary, to the log file.  */
+        original_stdout = dup (0);
+        original_stderr = dup (1);
+        dup2 (fd, 0);
+        dup2 (fd, 1);
+    }
+
+    if (force)
+    {
+        original_noexec = globs.noexec;
+        globs.noexec = 0;
+        original_quitquick = globs.quitquick;
+        globs.quitquick = 0;
+    }
+
+    if (continue_)
+    {
+        original_quitquick = globs.quitquick;
+        globs.quitquick = 0;
+    }
+
+    targets_count = list_length( targets );
+    targets2 = (const char * *)BJAM_MALLOC( targets_count * sizeof( char * ) );    
+    for (i = 0 ; targets; targets = list_next( targets ) )
+        targets2[ i++ ] = targets->string;
+    status |= make( targets_count, targets2, anyhow);
+    free( targets );
+
+    if (force)
+    {
+        globs.noexec = original_noexec;
+        globs.quitquick = original_quitquick;
+    }
+
+    if (continue_)
+    {
+        globs.quitquick = original_quitquick;
+    }
+
+    if (log)
+    {
+        /* Flush whatever stdio might have buffered, while descriptions
+           0 and 1 still refer to the log file.  */
+        fflush (stdout);
+        fflush (stderr);
+        dup2 (original_stdout, 0);
+        dup2 (original_stderr, 1);
+        close (original_stdout);
+        close (original_stderr);
+    }
+
+    last_update_now_status = status;
+	
+    if (status == 0)
+        return list_new (L0, newstr ("ok"));
+    else
+        return L0;
+}
+
+LIST * builtin_search_for_target( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST * arg1 = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+    LIST * arg2 = lol_get( frame->args, 1 );
+    TARGET * t = search_for_target( arg1->string, arg2 );
+    return list_new( L0, t->name );
+}
+
+
+LIST * builtin_import_module( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST * arg1 = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+    LIST * arg2 = lol_get( frame->args, 1 );
+    module_t * m = arg2 ? bindmodule( arg2->string ) : root_module();
+    import_module( arg1, m );
+    return L0;
+}
+
+
+LIST * builtin_imported_modules( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST * arg0 = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+    return imported_modules( bindmodule( arg0 ? arg0->string : 0 ) );
+}
+
+
+LIST * builtin_instance( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST * arg1 = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+    LIST * arg2 = lol_get( frame->args, 1 );
+    module_t * const instance     = bindmodule( arg1->string );
+    module_t * const class_module = bindmodule( arg2->string );
+    instance->class_module = class_module;
+    return L0;
+}
+
+
+LIST * builtin_sort( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST * arg1 = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+    return list_sort( arg1 );
+}
+
+
+LIST * builtin_normalize_path( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST * arg = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+
+    /* First, we iterate over all '/'-separated elements, starting from the end
+     * of string. If we see a '..', we remove a previous path elements. If we
+     * see '.', we remove it. The removal is done by overwriting data using '\1'
+     * in the string. After the whole string has been processed, we do a second
+     * pass, removing all the entered '\1' characters.
+     */
+
+    string   in[ 1 ];
+    string   out[ 1 ];
+	/* Last character of the part of string still to be processed. */
+    char   * end;
+	/* Working pointer. */
+    char   * current;
+	/* Number of '..' elements seen and not processed yet. */
+    int      dotdots = 0;
+    int      rooted  = 0;
+    char   * result  = 0;
+
+    /* Make a copy of input: we should not change it. Prepend a '/' before it as
+     * a guard for the algorithm later on and remember whether it was originally
+     * rooted or not.
+     */
+    string_new( in );
+    string_push_back( in, '/' );
+    for ( ; arg; arg = list_next( arg ) )
+    {
+        if ( arg->string[ 0 ] != '\0' )
+        {
+            if ( in->size == 1 )
+                rooted = ( ( arg->string[ 0 ] == '/'  ) ||
+                           ( arg->string[ 0 ] == '\\' ) );
+            else
+                string_append( in, "/" );
+            string_append( in, arg->string );
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Convert \ into /. On Windows, paths using / and \ are equivalent, and we
+     * want this function to obtain a canonic representation.
+     */
+    for ( current = in->value, end = in->value + in->size;
+        current < end; ++current )
+        if ( *current == '\\' )
+            *current = '/';
+
+    /* Now we remove any extra path elements by overwriting them with '\1'
+     * characters and cound how many more unused '..' path elements there are
+     * remaining. Note that each remaining path element with always starts with
+     * a '/' character.
+     */
+    for ( end = in->value + in->size - 1; end >= in->value; )
+    {
+        /* Set 'current' to the next occurence of '/', which always exists. */
+        for ( current = end; *current != '/'; --current );
+
+        if ( current == end )
+        {
+            /* Found a trailing or duplicate '/'. Remove it. */
+            *current = '\1';
+        }
+        else if ( ( end - current == 1 ) && ( *(current + 1) == '.' ) )
+        {
+            /* Found '/.'. Remove them all. */
+            *current = '\1';
+            *(current + 1) = '\1';
+        }
+        else if ( ( end - current == 2 ) && ( *(current + 1) == '.' ) && ( *(current + 2) == '.' ) )
+        {
+            /* Found '/..'. Remove them all. */
+            *current = '\1';
+            *(current + 1) = '\1';
+            *(current + 2) = '\1';
+            ++dotdots;
+        }
+        else if ( dotdots )
+        {
+            memset( current, '\1', end - current + 1 );
+            --dotdots;
+        }
+        end = current - 1;
+    }
+
+    string_new( out );
+
+    /* Now we know that we need to add exactly dotdots '..' path elements to the
+     * front and that our string is either empty or has a '/' as its first
+     * significant character. If we have any dotdots remaining then the passed
+     * path must not have been rooted or else it is invalid we return an empty
+     * list.
+     */
+    if ( dotdots )
+    {
+        if ( rooted ) return L0;
+        do
+            string_append( out, "/.." );
+        while ( --dotdots );
+    }
+
+    /* Now we actually remove all the path characters marked for removal. */
+    for ( current = in->value; *current; ++current )
+        if ( *current != '\1' )
+            string_push_back( out, *current );
+
+    /* Here we know that our string contains no '\1' characters and is either
+     * empty or has a '/' as its initial character. If the original path was not
+     * rooted and we have a non-empty path we need to drop the initial '/'. If
+     * the original path was rooted and we have an empty path we need to add
+     * back the '/'.
+     */
+    result = newstr( out->size ? out->value + !rooted : ( rooted ? "/" : "." ) );
+
+    string_free( out );
+    string_free( in );
+
+    return list_new( 0, result );
+}
+
+
+LIST * builtin_native_rule( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST * module_name = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+    LIST * rule_name = lol_get( frame->args, 1 );
+
+    module_t * module = bindmodule( module_name->string );
+
+    native_rule_t n;
+    native_rule_t * np = &n;
+    n.name = rule_name->string;
+    if ( module->native_rules && hashcheck( module->native_rules, (HASHDATA * *)&np ) )
+    {
+        new_rule_body( module, np->name, np->arguments, np->procedure, 1 );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        backtrace_line( frame->prev );
+        printf( "error: no native rule \"%s\" defined in module \"%s\"\n",
+                n.name, module->name );
+        backtrace( frame->prev );
+        exit( 1 );
+    }
+    return L0;
+}
+
+
+LIST * builtin_has_native_rule( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST * module_name = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+    LIST * rule_name   = lol_get( frame->args, 1 );
+    LIST * version     = lol_get( frame->args, 2 );
+
+    module_t * module = bindmodule( module_name->string );
+
+    native_rule_t n;
+    native_rule_t * np = &n;
+    n.name = rule_name->string;
+    if ( module->native_rules && hashcheck( module->native_rules, (HASHDATA * *)&np ) )
+    {
+        int expected_version = atoi( version->string );
+        if ( np->version == expected_version )
+            return list_new( 0, newstr( "true" ) );
+    }
+    return L0;
+}
+
+
+LIST * builtin_user_module( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST * module_name = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+    for ( ; module_name; module_name = module_name->next )
+    {
+        module_t * m = bindmodule( module_name->string );
+        m->user_module = 1;
+    }
+    return L0;
+}
+
+
+LIST * builtin_nearest_user_location( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    FRAME * nearest_user_frame =
+        frame->module->user_module ? frame : frame->prev_user;
+    if ( !nearest_user_frame )
+        return L0;
+
+    {
+        LIST * result = 0;
+        char * file;
+        int    line;
+        char   buf[32];
+
+        get_source_line( nearest_user_frame->procedure, &file, &line );
+        sprintf( buf, "%d", line );
+        result = list_new( result, newstr( file ) );
+        result = list_new( result, newstr( buf ) );
+        return result;
+    }
+}
+
+
+LIST * builtin_check_if_file( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST * name = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+    return file_is_file( name->string ) == 1
+        ? list_new( 0, newstr( "true" ) )
+        : L0 ;
+}
+
+
+LIST * builtin_md5( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST * l = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+    char* s = l->string;
+
+    md5_state_t state;
+    md5_byte_t digest[16];
+    char hex_output[16*2 + 1];
+
+    int di;
+
+    md5_init(&state);
+    md5_append(&state, (const md5_byte_t *)s, strlen(s));
+    md5_finish(&state, digest);
+
+    for (di = 0; di < 16; ++di)
+        sprintf(hex_output + di * 2, "%02x", digest[di]);
+
+    return list_new (0, newstr(hex_output));
+}
+
+LIST *builtin_file_open( PARSE *parse, FRAME *frame )
+{
+    char* name = lol_get(frame->args, 0)->string;
+    char* mode = lol_get(frame->args, 1)->string;
+    int fd;
+    char buffer[sizeof("4294967295")];
+
+    if (strcmp(mode, "w") == 0)
+    {
+        fd = open(name, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0666);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        fd = open(name, O_RDONLY);
+    }
+
+    if (fd != -1)
+    {
+        sprintf(buffer, "%d", fd);
+        return list_new(L0, newstr(buffer));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return L0;
+    }
+}
+
+LIST *builtin_pad( PARSE *parse, FRAME *frame )
+{
+    char *string = lol_get(frame->args, 0)->string;
+    char *width_s = lol_get(frame->args, 1)->string;
+
+    int current = strlen (string);
+    int desired = atoi(width_s);
+    if (current >= desired)
+        return list_new (L0, string);
+    else
+    {
+        char *buffer = malloc (desired + 1);
+        int i;
+        LIST *result;
+
+        strcpy (buffer, string);
+        for (i = current; i < desired; ++i)
+            buffer[i] = ' ';
+        buffer[desired] = '\0';
+        result = list_new (L0, newstr (buffer));
+        free (buffer);
+        return result;
+    }
+}
+
+LIST *builtin_precious( PARSE *parse, FRAME *frame )
+{
+    LIST* targets = lol_get(frame->args, 0);
+
+    for ( ; targets; targets = list_next( targets ) )    
+    {
+        TARGET* t = bindtarget (targets->string);
+        t->flags |= T_FLAG_PRECIOUS;
+    }
+
+    return L0;
+}
+
+LIST *builtin_self_path( PARSE *parse, FRAME *frame )
+{
+    extern char *saved_argv0;
+    char *p = executable_path (saved_argv0);
+    if (p)
+    {
+        LIST* result = list_new (0, newstr (p));
+        free(p);
+        return result;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return L0;
+    }
+}
+
+LIST *builtin_makedir( PARSE *parse, FRAME *frame )
+{
+    LIST *path = lol_get(frame->args, 0);
+
+    if (file_mkdir(path->string) == 0)
+    {
+        LIST *result = list_new (0, newstr(path->string));
+        return result;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return L0;
+    }    
+}
+
+#ifdef HAVE_PYTHON
+
+LIST * builtin_python_import_rule( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    static int first_time = 1;
+    char * python_module   = lol_get( frame->args, 0 )->string;
+    char * python_function = lol_get( frame->args, 1 )->string;
+    char * jam_module      = lol_get( frame->args, 2 )->string;
+    char * jam_rule        = lol_get( frame->args, 3 )->string;
+
+    PyObject * pName;
+    PyObject * pModule;
+    PyObject * pDict;
+    PyObject * pFunc;
+
+    if ( first_time )
+    {
+        /* At the first invocation, we add the value of the global
+         * EXTRA_PYTHONPATH to the sys.path Python variable.
+         */
+        LIST * extra = 0;
+        module_t * outer_module = frame->module;
+
+        first_time = 0;
+
+        if ( outer_module != root_module() )
+        {
+            exit_module( outer_module );
+            enter_module( root_module() );
+        }
+
+        extra = var_get( "EXTRA_PYTHONPATH" );
+
+        if ( outer_module != root_module() )
+        {
+             exit_module( root_module() );
+             enter_module( outer_module );
+        }
+
+        for ( ; extra; extra = extra->next )
+        {
+            string buf[ 1 ];
+            string_new( buf );
+            string_append( buf, "import sys\nsys.path.append(\"" );
+            string_append( buf, extra->string );
+            string_append( buf, "\")\n" );
+            PyRun_SimpleString( buf->value );
+            string_free( buf );
+        }
+    }
+
+    pName   = PyString_FromString( python_module );
+    pModule = PyImport_Import( pName );
+    Py_DECREF( pName );
+
+    if ( pModule != NULL )
+    {
+        pDict = PyModule_GetDict( pModule );
+        pFunc = PyDict_GetItemString( pDict, python_function );
+
+        if ( pFunc && PyCallable_Check( pFunc ) )
+        {
+            module_t * m = bindmodule( jam_module );
+            RULE * r = bindrule( jam_rule, m );
+
+            /* Make pFunc owned. */
+            Py_INCREF( pFunc );
+
+            r->python_function = pFunc;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            if ( PyErr_Occurred() )
+                PyErr_Print();
+            fprintf( stderr, "Cannot find function \"%s\"\n", python_function );
+        }
+        Py_DECREF( pModule );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PyErr_Print();
+        fprintf( stderr, "Failed to load \"%s\"\n", python_module );
+    }
+    return L0;
+
+}
+
+#endif
+
+void lol_build( LOL * lol, char * * elements )
+{
+    LIST * l = L0;
+    lol_init( lol );
+
+    while ( elements && *elements )
+    {
+        if ( !strcmp( *elements, ":" ) )
+        {
+            lol_add( lol, l );
+            l = L0 ;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            l = list_new( l, newstr( *elements ) );
+        }
+        ++elements;
+    }
+
+    if ( l != L0 )
+        lol_add( lol, l );
+}
+
+
+#ifdef HAVE_PYTHON
+
+/*
+ * Calls the bjam rule specified by name passed in 'args'. The name is looked up
+ * in the context of bjam's 'python_interface' module. Returns the list of
+ * string retured by the rule.
+ */
+
+PyObject* bjam_call( PyObject * self, PyObject * args )
+{
+    FRAME   inner[ 1 ];
+    LIST  * result;
+    PARSE * p;
+    char  * rulename;
+
+    /* Build up the list of arg lists. */
+    frame_init( inner );
+    inner->prev = 0;
+    inner->prev_user = 0;
+    inner->module = bindmodule( "python_interface" );
+    inner->procedure = 0;
+
+    /* Extract the rule name and arguments from 'args'. */
+
+    /* PyTuple_GetItem returns borrowed reference. */
+    rulename = PyString_AsString( PyTuple_GetItem( args, 0 ) );
+    {
+        int i = 1;
+        int size = PyTuple_Size( args );
+        for ( ; i < size; ++i )
+        {
+            PyObject * a = PyTuple_GetItem( args, i );
+            if ( PyString_Check( a ) )
+            {
+                lol_add( inner->args, list_new( 0, newstr(
+                    PyString_AsString( a ) ) ) );
+            }
+            else if ( PySequence_Check( a ) )
+            {
+                LIST * l = 0;
+                int s = PySequence_Size( a );
+                int i = 0;
+                for ( ; i < s; ++i )
+                {
+                    /* PySequence_GetItem returns new reference. */
+                    PyObject * e = PySequence_GetItem( a, i );
+                    char * s = PyString_AsString( e );
+                    if ( !s )
+                    {
+                        printf( "Invalid parameter type passed from Python\n" );
+                        exit( 1 );
+                    }
+                    l = list_new( l, newstr( s ) );
+                    Py_DECREF( e );
+                }
+                lol_add( inner->args, l );
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    result = evaluate_rule( rulename, inner );
+
+    frame_free( inner );
+
+    /* Convert the bjam list into a Python list result. */
+    {
+        PyObject * pyResult = PyList_New( list_length( result ) );
+        int i = 0;
+        while ( result )
+        {
+            PyList_SetItem( pyResult, i, PyString_FromString( result->string ) );
+            result = list_next( result );
+            i += 1;
+        }
+        list_free( result );
+        return pyResult;
+    }
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Accepts four arguments: 
+ * - module name
+ * - rule name,
+ * - Python callable. 
+ * - (optional) bjam language function signature.
+ * Creates a bjam rule with the specified name in the specified module, which will
+ * invoke the Python callable.
+ */
+
+PyObject * bjam_import_rule( PyObject * self, PyObject * args )
+{
+    char     * module;
+    char     * rule;
+    PyObject * func;
+    PyObject * bjam_signature = NULL;
+    module_t * m;
+    RULE     * r;
+
+    if ( !PyArg_ParseTuple( args, "ssO|O:import_rule", 
+                            &module, &rule, &func, &bjam_signature ) )
+        return NULL;
+
+    if ( !PyCallable_Check( func ) )
+    {
+        PyErr_SetString( PyExc_RuntimeError,
+                        "Non-callable object passed to bjam.import_rule" );
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    m = bindmodule( *module ? module : 0 );
+    r = bindrule( rule, m );
+
+    /* Make pFunc owned. */
+    Py_INCREF( func );
+
+    r->python_function = func;
+    r->arguments = 0;
+
+    if (bjam_signature)
+    {
+        argument_list * arg_list = args_new();
+        Py_ssize_t i;
+
+        Py_ssize_t s = PySequence_Size (bjam_signature);
+        for (i = 0; i < s; ++i)
+        {
+            PyObject* v = PySequence_GetItem (bjam_signature, i);
+            lol_add(arg_list->data, list_from_python (v));
+            Py_DECREF(v);
+        }
+        r->arguments = arg_list;
+    }
+
+    Py_INCREF( Py_None );
+    return Py_None;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Accepts four arguments:
+ *  - an action name
+ *  - an action body
+ *  - a list of variable that will be bound inside the action
+ *  - integer flags.
+ *  Defines an action on bjam side.
+ */
+
+PyObject * bjam_define_action( PyObject * self, PyObject * args )
+{
+    char     * name;
+    char     * body;
+    module_t * m;
+    PyObject * bindlist_python;
+    int        flags;
+    LIST     * bindlist = L0;
+    int        n;
+    int        i;
+
+    if ( !PyArg_ParseTuple( args, "ssO!i:define_action", &name, &body,
+                          &PyList_Type, &bindlist_python, &flags ) )
+        return NULL;
+
+    n = PyList_Size( bindlist_python );
+    for ( i = 0; i < n; ++i )
+    {
+        PyObject * next = PyList_GetItem( bindlist_python, i );
+        if ( !PyString_Check( next ) )
+        {
+            PyErr_SetString( PyExc_RuntimeError,
+                            "bind list has non-string type" );
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        bindlist = list_new( bindlist, PyString_AsString( next ) );
+    }
+
+    new_rule_actions( root_module(), name, newstr( body ), bindlist, flags );
+
+    Py_INCREF( Py_None );
+    return Py_None;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Returns the value of a variable in root Jam module.
+ */
+
+PyObject * bjam_variable( PyObject * self, PyObject * args )
+{
+    char     * name;
+    LIST     * value;
+    PyObject * result;
+    int        i;
+
+    if ( !PyArg_ParseTuple( args, "s", &name ) )
+        return NULL;
+
+    enter_module( root_module() );
+    value = var_get( name );
+    exit_module( root_module() );
+
+    result = PyList_New( list_length( value ) );
+    for ( i = 0; value; value = list_next( value ), ++i )
+        PyList_SetItem( result, i, PyString_FromString( value->string ) );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PyObject * bjam_backtrace( PyObject * self, PyObject * args )
+{
+    PyObject     * result = PyList_New( 0 );
+    struct frame * f = frame_before_python_call;
+
+    for ( ; f = f->prev; )
+    {
+        PyObject * tuple = PyTuple_New( 4 );
+        char     * file;
+        int        line;
+        char       buf[ 32 ];
+
+        get_source_line( f->procedure, &file, &line );
+        sprintf( buf, "%d", line );
+
+        /* PyTuple_SetItem steals reference. */
+        PyTuple_SetItem( tuple, 0, PyString_FromString( file            ) );
+        PyTuple_SetItem( tuple, 1, PyString_FromString( buf             ) );
+        PyTuple_SetItem( tuple, 2, PyString_FromString( f->module->name ) );
+        PyTuple_SetItem( tuple, 3, PyString_FromString( f->rulename     ) );
+
+        PyList_Append( result, tuple );
+        Py_DECREF( tuple );
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+PyObject * bjam_caller( PyObject * self, PyObject * args )
+{
+    PyObject *result = PyString_FromString(
+        frame_before_python_call->prev->module->name);
+    return result;
+}
+
+#endif  /* #ifdef HAVE_PYTHON */
+
+
+#ifdef HAVE_POPEN
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
+    #define popen windows_popen_wrapper
+    #define pclose _pclose
+
+    /*
+     * This wrapper is a workaround for a funny _popen() feature on Windows
+     * where it eats external quotes in some cases. The bug seems to be related
+     * to the quote stripping functionality used by the Windows cmd.exe
+     * interpreter when its /S is not specified.
+     *
+     * Cleaned up quote from the cmd.exe help screen as displayed on Windows XP
+     * SP3:
+     *
+     *   1. If all of the following conditions are met, then quote characters on
+     *      the command line are preserved:
+     *
+     *       - no /S switch
+     *       - exactly two quote characters
+     *       - no special characters between the two quote characters, where
+     *         special is one of: &<>()@^|
+     *       - there are one or more whitespace characters between the two quote
+     *         characters
+     *       - the string between the two quote characters is the name of an
+     *         executable file.
+     *
+     *   2. Otherwise, old behavior is to see if the first character is a quote
+     *      character and if so, strip the leading character and remove the last
+     *      quote character on the command line, preserving any text after the
+     *      last quote character.
+     *
+     * This causes some commands containing quotes not to be executed correctly.
+     * For example:
+     *
+     *   "\Long folder name\aaa.exe" --name="Jurko" --no-surname
+     *
+     * would get its outermost quotes stripped and would be executed as:
+     *
+     *   \Long folder name\aaa.exe" --name="Jurko --no-surname
+     *
+     * which would report an error about '\Long' not being a valid command.
+     *
+     * cmd.exe help seems to indicate it would be enough to add an extra space
+     * character in front of the command to avoid this but this does not work,
+     * most likely due to the shell first stripping all leading whitespace
+     * characters from the command.
+     *
+     * Solution implemented here is to quote the whole command in case it
+     * contains any quote characters. Note thought this will not work correctly
+     * should Windows ever 'fix' this feature.
+     *                                               (03.06.2008.) (Jurko)
+     */
+    static FILE * windows_popen_wrapper( char * command, char * mode )
+    {
+        int extra_command_quotes_needed = ( strchr( command, '"' ) != 0 );
+        string quoted_command;
+        FILE * result;
+
+        if ( extra_command_quotes_needed )
+        {
+            string_new( &quoted_command );
+            string_append( &quoted_command, "\"" );
+            string_append( &quoted_command, command );
+            string_append( &quoted_command, "\"" );
+            command = quoted_command.value;
+        }
+
+        result = _popen( command, "r" );
+
+        if ( extra_command_quotes_needed )
+            string_free( &quoted_command );
+
+        return result;
+    }
+#endif
+
+
+static char * rtrim(char *s)
+{
+    char *p = s;
+    while(*p) ++p;
+    for(--p; p >= s && isspace(*p); *p-- = 0);
+    return s;
+}
+
+LIST * builtin_shell( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    LIST   * command = lol_get( frame->args, 0 );
+    LIST   * result = 0;
+    string   s;
+    int      ret;
+    char     buffer[ 1024 ];
+    FILE   * p = NULL;
+    int      exit_status = -1;
+    int      exit_status_opt = 0;
+    int      no_output_opt = 0;
+    int      strip_eol_opt = 0;
+
+    /* Process the variable args options. */
+    {
+        int a = 1;
+        LIST * arg = lol_get( frame->args, a );
+        while ( arg )
+        {
+            if ( strcmp( "exit-status", arg->string ) == 0 )
+            {
+                exit_status_opt = 1;
+            }
+            else if ( strcmp( "no-output", arg->string ) == 0 )
+            {
+                no_output_opt = 1;
+            }
+            else if ( strcmp("strip-eol", arg->string) == 0 )
+            {
+                strip_eol_opt = 1;
+            }
+            arg = lol_get( frame->args, ++a );
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* The following fflush() call seems to be indicated as a workaround for a
+     * popen() bug on POSIX implementations related to synhronizing input
+     * stream positions for the called and the calling process.
+     */
+    fflush( NULL );
+
+    p = popen( command->string, "r" );
+    if ( p == NULL )
+        return L0;
+
+    string_new( &s );
+
+    while ( ( ret = fread( buffer, sizeof( char ), sizeof( buffer ) - 1, p ) ) > 0 )
+    {
+        buffer[ret] = 0;
+        if ( !no_output_opt )
+        {
+            if ( strip_eol_opt )
+                rtrim(buffer);
+            string_append( &s, buffer );
+        }
+    }
+
+    exit_status = pclose( p );
+
+    /* The command output is returned first. */
+    result = list_new( L0, newstr( s.value ) );
+    string_free( &s );
+
+    /* The command exit result next. */
+    if ( exit_status_opt )
+    {
+        if ( WIFEXITED(exit_status) )
+            exit_status = WEXITSTATUS(exit_status);
+        else
+            exit_status = -1;
+        sprintf( buffer, "%d", exit_status );
+        result = list_new( result, newstr( buffer ) );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+#else  /* #ifdef HAVE_POPEN */
+
+LIST * builtin_shell( PARSE * parse, FRAME * frame )
+{
+    return L0;
+}
+
+#endif /* #ifdef HAVE_POPEN */