From f58ef1eca79e085fad0ddc6a277c5f9ada346934 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Chris Dyer Date: Sat, 24 Nov 2012 20:22:45 -0500 Subject: victor's geometric series trick --- word-aligner/da.h | 75 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ word-aligner/fast_align.cc | 64 ++++++++++++++++++--------------------- 2 files changed, 104 insertions(+), 35 deletions(-) create mode 100644 word-aligner/da.h (limited to 'word-aligner') diff --git a/word-aligner/da.h b/word-aligner/da.h new file mode 100644 index 00000000..add64a5b --- /dev/null +++ b/word-aligner/da.h @@ -0,0 +1,75 @@ +#ifndef _DA_H_ +#define _DA_H_ + +#include +#include + +// m = trg len +// n = src len +// i = trg index +// j = src index +struct DiagonalAlignment { + + static double UnnormalizedProb(const unsigned i, const unsigned j, const unsigned m, const unsigned n, const double alpha) { + assert(i > 0); + assert(n > 0); + assert(m >= i); + assert(n >= j); + return exp(feat(i, j, m, n) * alpha); + } + + static double ComputeZ(const unsigned i, const unsigned m, const unsigned n, const double alpha) { + assert(i > 0); + assert(n > 0); + assert(m >= i); + const double split = double(i) * n / m; + const unsigned floor = split; + unsigned ceil = floor + 1; + const double ratio = exp(-alpha / n); + const unsigned num_top = n - floor; + double ezt = 0; + double ezb = 0; + if (num_top) + ezt = UnnormalizedProb(i, ceil, m, n, alpha) * (1.0 - pow(ratio, num_top)) / (1.0 - ratio); + if (floor) + ezb = UnnormalizedProb(i, floor, m, n, alpha) * (1.0 - pow(ratio, floor)) / (1.0 - ratio); + return ezb + ezt; + } + + static double ComputeDLogZ(const unsigned i, const unsigned m, const unsigned n, const double alpha) { + const double z = ComputeZ(i, n, m, alpha); + const double split = double(i) * n / m; + const unsigned floor = split; + const unsigned ceil = floor + 1; + const double ratio = exp(-alpha / n); + const double d = -1.0 / n; + const unsigned num_top = n - floor; + double pct = 0; + double pcb = 0; + if (num_top) { + pct = arithmetico_geometric_series(feat(i, ceil, m, n), UnnormalizedProb(i, ceil, m, n, alpha), ratio, d, num_top); + //cerr << "PCT = " << pct << endl; + } + if (floor) { + pcb = arithmetico_geometric_series(feat(i, floor, m, n), UnnormalizedProb(i, floor, m, n, alpha), ratio, d, floor); + //cerr << "PCB = " << pcb << endl; + } + return (pct + pcb) / z; + } + + private: + inline static double feat(const unsigned i, const unsigned j, const unsigned m, const unsigned n) { + return -fabs(double(j) / n - double(i) / m); + } + + inline static double arithmetico_geometric_series(const double a_1, const double g_1, const double r, const double d, const unsigned n) { + const double g_np1 = g_1 * pow(r, n); + const double a_n = d * (n - 1) + a_1; + const double x_1 = a_1 * g_1; + const double g_2 = g_1 * r; + const double rm1 = r - 1; + return (a_n * g_np1 - x_1) / rm1 - d*(g_np1 - g_2) / (rm1 * rm1); + } +}; + +#endif diff --git a/word-aligner/fast_align.cc b/word-aligner/fast_align.cc index 7492d26f..14f7cac8 100644 --- a/word-aligner/fast_align.cc +++ b/word-aligner/fast_align.cc @@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ #include "filelib.h" #include "ttables.h" #include "tdict.h" +#include "da.h" namespace po = boost::program_options; using namespace std; @@ -68,11 +69,11 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv) { const bool variational_bayes = (conf.count("variational_bayes") > 0); const bool write_alignments = (conf.count("output_parameters") == 0); const double diagonal_tension = conf["diagonal_tension"].as(); - const double prob_align_null = conf["prob_align_null"].as(); const bool hide_training_alignments = (conf.count("hide_training_alignments") > 0); string testset; if (conf.count("testset")) testset = conf["testset"].as(); - const double prob_align_not_null = 1.0 - prob_align_null; + double prob_align_null = conf["prob_align_null"].as(); + double prob_align_not_null = 1.0 - prob_align_null; const double alpha = conf["alpha"].as(); const bool favor_diagonal = conf.count("favor_diagonal"); if (variational_bayes && alpha <= 0.0) { @@ -84,7 +85,6 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv) { TTable::Word2Word2Double s2t_viterbi; double tot_len_ratio = 0; double mean_srclen_multiplier = 0; - vector unnormed_a_i; for (int iter = 0; iter < ITERATIONS; ++iter) { const bool final_iteration = (iter == (ITERATIONS - 1)); cerr << "ITERATION " << (iter + 1) << (final_iteration ? " (FINAL)" : "") << endl; @@ -97,6 +97,8 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv) { string line; string ssrc, strg; vector src, trg; + double c0 = 0; + double toks = 0; while(true) { getline(in, line); if (!in) break; @@ -110,17 +112,15 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv) { cerr << "Error: " << lc << "\n" << line << endl; return 1; } - if (src.size() > unnormed_a_i.size()) - unnormed_a_i.resize(src.size()); if (iter == 0) tot_len_ratio += static_cast(trg.size()) / static_cast(src.size()); denom += trg.size(); vector probs(src.size() + 1); bool first_al = true; // used for write_alignments - for (int j = 0; j < trg.size(); ++j) { + toks += trg.size(); + for (unsigned j = 0; j < trg.size(); ++j) { const WordID& f_j = trg[j]; double sum = 0; - const double j_over_ts = double(j) / trg.size(); double prob_a_i = 1.0 / (src.size() + use_null); // uniform (model 1) if (use_null) { if (favor_diagonal) prob_a_i = prob_align_null; @@ -128,16 +128,11 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv) { sum += probs[0]; } double az = 0; - if (favor_diagonal) { - for (int ta = 0; ta < src.size(); ++ta) { - unnormed_a_i[ta] = exp(-fabs(double(ta) / src.size() - j_over_ts) * diagonal_tension); - az += unnormed_a_i[ta]; - } - az /= prob_align_not_null; - } - for (int i = 1; i <= src.size(); ++i) { + if (favor_diagonal) + az = DiagonalAlignment::ComputeZ(j+1, trg.size(), src.size(), diagonal_tension) / prob_align_not_null; + for (unsigned i = 1; i <= src.size(); ++i) { if (favor_diagonal) - prob_a_i = unnormed_a_i[i-1] / az; + prob_a_i = DiagonalAlignment::UnnormalizedProb(j + 1, i, trg.size(), src.size(), diagonal_tension) / az; probs[i] = s2t.prob(src[i-1], f_j) * prob_a_i; sum += probs[i]; } @@ -151,7 +146,7 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv) { max_index = 0; max_p = probs[0]; } - for (int i = 1; i <= src.size(); ++i) { + for (unsigned i = 1; i <= src.size(); ++i) { if (probs[i] > max_p) { max_index = i; max_p = probs[i]; @@ -170,9 +165,12 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv) { s2t_viterbi[max_i][f_j] = 1.0; } } else { - if (use_null) - s2t.Increment(kNULL, f_j, probs[0] / sum); - for (int i = 1; i <= src.size(); ++i) + if (use_null) { + double count = probs[0] / sum; + c0 += count; + s2t.Increment(kNULL, f_j, count); + } + for (unsigned i = 1; i <= src.size(); ++i) s2t.Increment(src[i-1], f_j, probs[i] / sum); } likelihood += log(sum); @@ -190,13 +188,17 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv) { } cerr << " log_e likelihood: " << likelihood << endl; cerr << " log_2 likelihood: " << base2_likelihood << endl; - cerr << " cross entropy: " << (-base2_likelihood / denom) << endl; - cerr << " perplexity: " << pow(2.0, -base2_likelihood / denom) << endl; + cerr << " cross entropy: " << (-base2_likelihood / denom) << endl; + cerr << " perplexity: " << pow(2.0, -base2_likelihood / denom) << endl; if (!final_iteration) { if (variational_bayes) s2t.NormalizeVB(alpha); else s2t.Normalize(); + cerr << " p0: " << c0 / toks << endl; + //prob_align_null *= 0.8; + //prob_align_null += (c0 / toks) * 0.2; + prob_align_not_null = 1.0 - prob_align_null; } } if (testset.size()) { @@ -212,16 +214,13 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv) { cout << TD::GetString(src) << " ||| " << TD::GetString(trg) << " |||"; if (reverse) swap(src, trg); double log_prob = Md::log_poisson(trg.size(), 0.05 + src.size() * mean_srclen_multiplier); - if (src.size() > unnormed_a_i.size()) - unnormed_a_i.resize(src.size()); // compute likelihood - for (int j = 0; j < trg.size(); ++j) { + for (unsigned j = 0; j < trg.size(); ++j) { const WordID& f_j = trg[j]; double sum = 0; int a_j = 0; double max_pat = 0; - const double j_over_ts = double(j) / trg.size(); double prob_a_i = 1.0 / (src.size() + use_null); // uniform (model 1) if (use_null) { if (favor_diagonal) prob_a_i = prob_align_null; @@ -229,16 +228,11 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv) { sum += max_pat; } double az = 0; - if (favor_diagonal) { - for (int ta = 0; ta < src.size(); ++ta) { - unnormed_a_i[ta] = exp(-fabs(double(ta) / src.size() - j_over_ts) * diagonal_tension); - az += unnormed_a_i[ta]; - } - az /= prob_align_not_null; - } - for (int i = 1; i <= src.size(); ++i) { + if (favor_diagonal) + az = DiagonalAlignment::ComputeZ(j+1, trg.size(), src.size(), diagonal_tension) / prob_align_not_null; + for (unsigned i = 1; i <= src.size(); ++i) { if (favor_diagonal) - prob_a_i = unnormed_a_i[i-1] / az; + prob_a_i = DiagonalAlignment::UnnormalizedProb(j + 1, i, trg.size(), src.size(), diagonal_tension) / az; double pat = s2t.prob(src[i-1], f_j) * prob_a_i; if (pat > max_pat) { max_pat = pat; a_j = i; } sum += pat; -- cgit v1.2.3